Lo mthethonqubo usebenza ekufakweni kwama-valve esango, ama-valve okumisa, ama-valve ebhola, ama-valve e-butterfly kanye nama-valve okunciphisa ingcindezi ezitshalweni ze-petrochemical. Ukufakwa kwama-valve okuhlola, ama-valve okuphepha, ama-valve okulawula kanye nezicupho zomusi kufanele kubhekisele emithethweni efanele. Lo mthethonqubo awusebenzi ekufakweni kwama-valve emapayipini okuhambisa amanzi angaphansi komhlaba kanye nawokukhipha amanzi.

1 Izimiso zokuhlelwa kwevalvu

1.1 Amavalvu kufanele afakwe ngokohlobo kanye nobuningi obuboniswe ku-pipeline and instrument flow diagram (PID). Uma i-PID inezidingo ezithile zendawo yokufaka amavalvu athile, kufanele afakwe ngokwezidingo zenqubo.

1.2 Amavalvu kufanele ahlelwe ezindaweni okulula ukuzifinyelela, ukuzisebenzisa nokuzinakekela. Amavalvu emigqeni yamapayipi kufanele ahlelwe ngendlela ephakathi nendawo, futhi kufanele kucatshangelwe amapulatifomu noma amaladi okusebenza.

2 Izidingo zendawo yokufaka ivalvu

2.1 Lapho imihubhe yamapayipi engena futhi ephuma kudivayisi ixhunywe kumapayipi amakhulu emihubheni yamapayipi yesitshalo sonke,amavalvu okuvalakumele kufakwe. Indawo yokufaka ama-valve kufanele ibe phakathi kolunye uhlangothi lwendawo yedivayisi, futhi kufanele kubekwe amapulatifomu okusebenza adingekayo noma amapulatifomu okulungisa.

2.2 Amavalvu adinga ukusetshenziswa njalo, ukunakekelwa nokushintshwa kufanele abekwe ezindaweni ezifinyeleleka kalula phansi, epulatifomu noma esitebhisini.Amavalvu omoya kanye nogesikufanele futhi ibekwe ezindaweni ezifinyeleleka kalula.

2.3 Amavalvu angadingi ukusetshenziswa njalo (asetshenziswa kuphela lapho kuqalwa futhi kumiswa) kufanele abekwe ezindaweni lapho kungabekwa khona amaladi esikhashana uma engenakukwazi ukusebenza phansi.

2.4 Ukuphakama kwesikhungo sesondo lesandla le-valve kusuka endaweni yokusebenza kuphakathi kuka-750 no-1500mm, futhi ukuphakama okufanele kakhulu

1200mm. Ukuphakama kokufakwa kwamavalvu angadingi ukusetshenziswa njalo kungafinyelela ku-1500-1800mm. Uma ukuphakama kokufakwa kungenakuncishiswa futhi kudingeka ukusebenza njalo, kufanele kubekwe ipulatifomu noma isinyathelo sokusebenza ngesikhathi sokuklama. Amavalvu emipayipini nasemishinini yemidiya eyingozi akufanele abekwe ngaphakathi kobubanzi bokuphakama kwekhanda lomuntu.

2.5 Uma ukuphakama kwesikhungo sesondo lesandla sevalvu kusuka endaweni yokusebenza kudlula u-1800mm, kufanele kusethwe umsebenzi we-sprocket. Ibanga leketanga le-sprocket ukusuka phansi kufanele libe ngu-800mm. I-sprocket hook kufanele isethwe ukuze ilengise ingxenye engezansi yeketanga odongeni noma ensikeni eseduze ukuze kugwenywe ukuthinta indlela.

2.6 Kuma-valve abekwe emseleni, lapho isembozo somsele singavulwa ukuze sisebenze, isondo lesandla levalvu akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-300mm ngaphansi kwesembozo somsele. Uma lingaphansi kuka-300mm, induku yokwelula ivalvu kufanele isethwe ukuze yenze isondo layo lesandla libe ngaphakathi kuka-100mm ngaphansi kwesembozo somsele.

2.7 Kumavalvu abekwe emseleni, lapho kudingeka asebenze phansi, noma amavalvu afakwe ngaphansi kwephansi eliphezulu (ipulatifomu),induku yokwelula ivalvu ingabekwaukuyelula isembozo somsele, phansi, epulatifomu yokusebenza. Isondo lesandla lenduku yokwelula kufanele libe kude ngamamilimitha angu-1200 ukusuka endaweni yokusebenza. Amavalvu anobubanzi obuncane noma obulingana ne-DN40 kanye nokuxhumeka okunezintambo akufanele kusetshenziswe kusetshenziswa ama-sprocket noma ama-extension rods ukuze kugwenywe umonakalo kuvalvu. Ngokuvamile, ukusetshenziswa kwama-sprocket noma ama-extension rods ukusebenzisa amavalvu kufanele kuncishiswe.

2.8 Ibanga phakathi kwesondo lesandla levalvu elihlelwe nxazonke kwepulatifomu kanye nomphetho wepulatifomu akufanele libe ngaphezu kuka-450mm. Uma isiqu sevalvu kanye nesondo lesandla kwenabela engxenyeni engenhla yepulatifomu futhi ukuphakama kungaphansi kuka-2000mm, akufanele kuthinte ukusebenza kanye nokudlula komqhubi ukuze kugwenywe ukulimala komuntu siqu.

3 Izidingo zokufakwa kwamavalvu amakhulu

3.1 Ukusebenza kwamavalvu amakhulu kufanele kusetshenziswe indlela yokudlulisa amagiya, futhi isikhala esidingekayo sendlela yokudlulisa kufanele sicatshangelwe lapho kusethwa. Ngokuvamile, amavalvu anosayizi omkhulu kunalawa alandelayo kufanele acabangele ukusebenzisa ivalvu enendlela yokudlulisa amagiya.

3.2 Amavalvu amakhulu kufanele afakwe amabrakhethi ohlangothini olulodwa noma zombili zevalvu. Ibrakhethi akufanele ifakwe epayipini elifushane elidinga ukususwa ngesikhathi sokulungiswa, futhi ukusekelwa kwepayipi akufanele kuthinteke lapho ivalvu isuswa. Ibanga eliphakathi kwebracket ne-flange yevalvu ngokuvamile kufanele libe ngaphezu kuka-300mm.

3.3 Indawo yokufaka amavalvu amakhulu kufanele ibe nendawo yokusebenzisa i-crane, noma ucabangele ukusetha ikholomu yokulenga noma ugongolo lokulenga.

4 Izidingo zokubeka ama-valve kumapayipi avundlile

4.1 Ngaphandle kokuthi inqubo ifuna ngenye indlela, isondo lesandla levalvu elifakwe epayipini elivundlile akufanele libheke phansi, ikakhulukazi isondo lesandla levalvu epayipini lemidiya eyingozi alivunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuthi libheke phansi. Ukuqondiswa kwesondo lesandla levalvu kunqunywa ngokulandelana okulandelayo: phezulu phezulu; ngokuvundlile; phezulu phezulu ngokuthambekela kwesobunxele noma kwesokudla okungu-45°; phansi ngokuvundlile ngokuthambekela kwesobunxele noma kwesokudla okungu-45°; hhayi phansi ngokuvundlile.

4.2 Kuma-valve e-stem akhuphukayo afakwe ngokuvundlile, lapho i-valve ivuliwe, i-valve stem akufanele ithinte indlela yokudlula, ikakhulukazi uma i-valve stem itholakala ekhanda noma edolweni lomqhubi.

5 Ezinye izidingo zokusetha ivalvu

5.1 Imigqa ephakathi yamavalvu kumapayipi ahambisanayo kufanele iqondaniswe ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma amavalvu ehlelwe eduze, ibanga eliphakathi kwamasondo esandla akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-100mm; amavalvu angaphinde ahlukaniswe ukuze kuncishiswe ibanga phakathi kwamapayipi.

5.2 Amavalvu adingekayo ukuxhunywa emlonyeni wepayipi lemishini kule nqubo kufanele axhunyaniswe ngqo emlonyeni wepayipi lemishini lapho ububanzi obujwayelekile, ingcindezi ejwayelekile, uhlobo lobuso bokuvala, njll. kufana noma kufana neflange yomlomo wepayipi lemishini. Uma ivalvu ineflange egobile, uchwepheshe wemishini kufanele acelwe ukuthi alungiselele iflange egobile emlonyeni wepayipi ofanele.

5.3 Ngaphandle kokuthi kunezidingo ezikhethekile zenqubo, ama-valve asemapayipini angaphansi emishini efana nemibhoshongo, ama-reactor, kanye neziqukathi eziqondile akufanele ahlelwe esiketini.

5.4 Uma ipayipi legatsha liholwa lisuka epayipini eliyinhloko, ivalvu yalo yokuvala kufanele ibekwe engxenyeni evundlile yepayipi legatsha eduze nempande yepayipi eliyinhloko ukuze uketshezi lukwazi ukumuncwa kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zevalvu.

5.5 Ivalvu yokuvala ipayipi legatsha kugalari yamapayipi ayisetshenziswa njalo (isetshenziswa kuphela lapho kupaka khona ukuze kulungiswe). Uma kungekho ileli elihlala njalo, kufanele kucatshangelwe indawo yokusebenzisa ileli lesikhashana.

5.6 Uma ivalvu enomfutho ophezulu ivulwa, amandla okuqala makhulu. Kumelwe kubekwe ibhulakhethi ukuze isekele ivalvu futhi inciphise ukucindezeleka kokuqala. Ukuphakama kokufakwa kufanele kube ngu-500-1200mm.

5.7 Amavalvu amanzi omlilo, amavalvu omusi womlilo, njll. endaweni emngceleni wedivayisi kufanele ahlakazeke futhi abe sendaweni ephephile okulula ukuthi abaqhubi bafinyelele kuyo uma kwenzeka ingozi.

5.8 Iqembu lamavalvu lepayipi lokusabalalisa umusi wokucima umlilo lesithando sokushisa kufanele kube lula ukulisebenzisa, futhi ipayipi lokusabalalisa akufanele libe ngaphansi kwamamitha angu-7.5 ukusuka emzimbeni wesithando somlilo.

5.9 Uma kufakwa amavalvu anezintambo epayipini, kufanele kufakwe ijoyinti eligobekayo eduze kwevalvu ukuze kube lula ukuyihlukanisa.

5.10 Amavalvu e-Wafer noma amavalvu e-butterfly akufanele axhunywe ngqo kuma-flanges amanye amavalvu kanye nokufakwa kwamapayipi. Ipayipi elifushane elinama-flanges kuzo zombili izinhlangothi kufanele lengezwe phakathi.

5.11 Ivalvu akufanele ithwalwe imithwalo yangaphandle ukuze kugwenywe ukucindezeleka okukhulu kanye nomonakalo kuvalvu