Lo mthethonqubo usebenza ekufakweni kwamavalvu esango, ama-stop valves, ama-ball valves, ama-butterfly valves namavalvu okunciphisa umfutho ezitshalweni ze-petrochemical. Ukufakwa kwamavalvu okuhlola, amavalvu okuphepha, amavalvu alawulayo kanye nezicupho zesitimu kuzobhekisela emithethweni efanele. Lo mthetho awusebenzi ekufakweni kwamavalvu emanzini angaphansi komhlaba namapayipi okudonsa amanzi.

1 Izimiso zesakhiwo se-valve

1.1 Amavalvu kufanele afakwe ngokohlobo nenani elikhonjiswe epayipini nakumdwebo wokugeleza kwezinsimbi (PID). Uma i-PID inezidingo ezithile zendawo yokufaka ama-valve athile, kufanele afakwe ngokuvumelana nezidingo zenqubo.

1.2 Amavalvu kufanele ahlelwe ezindaweni okufinyeleleka kalula kuzo, zisebenze futhi zinakekeleke. Ama-valve emigqeni yamapayipi kufanele ahlelwe ngendlela ephakathi nendawo, futhi amapulatifomu okusebenza noma izitebhisi kufanele zicatshangelwe.

2 Izidingo zendawo yokufaka i-valve

2.1 Uma amaphaseji angena futhi aphuma emshinini exhunywe emapayipini amakhulu emihubheni yamapayipi esikhungo sonke,ama-valve wokuvalakufanele ifakwe. Indawo yokufaka ama-valve kufanele ibe phakathi kohlangothi olulodwa lwendawo yedivayisi, futhi kumiswe izinkundla ezidingekayo zokusebenza noma izinkundla zokulungisa.

2.2 Amavalvu okumele asetshenziswe njalo, anakekelwe futhi ashintshwe kufanele abekwe ezindaweni okufinyeleleka kalula kuzo phansi, ipulatifomu noma iladi.Ama-valve we-pneumatic kanye nogesikufanele futhi ibekwe ezindaweni okufinyeleleka kalula kuzo.

2.3 Amavalvu okungadingeki ukuthi asetshenziswe njalo (asetshenziswe kuphela uma kuqaliswa futhi kumiswa) kufanele futhi abekwe ezindaweni lapho amaladi esikhashana angase amiswe khona uma engakwazi ukuqhutshwa phansi.

2.4 Ukuphakama kwesikhungo sesondo lesandla se-valve ukusuka endaweni yokusebenza kuphakathi kuka-750 no-1500mm, futhi ukuphakama okufanele kakhulu

1200mm. Ukuphakama kokufakwa kwama-valve okungadingi ukusetshenziswa njalo kungafinyelela ku-1500-1800mm. Lapho ubude bokufaka bungakwazi ukwehliswa futhi ukusebenza okuvamile kuyadingeka, isiteji sokusebenza noma isinyathelo kufanele sisethwe ngesikhathi sokuklama. Amavalvu akumapayipi nezinto zokusebenza zemidiya eyingozi akufanele abekwe phakathi kwebanga lobude bekhanda lomuntu.

2.5 Uma ukuphakama kwesikhungo se-valve handwheel kusuka endaweni yokusebenza kudlula i-1800mm, ukusebenza kwe-sprocket kufanele kusethwe. Ibanga leketanga le-sprocket ukusuka phansi kufanele libe ngu-800mm. Ihuku le-sprocket kufanele limiswe ukulenga ingxenye engezansi yeketango odongeni oluseduze noma insika ukuze kugwenywe ukuthikameza iphaseji.

2.6 Kumavalvu asethwe emseleni, lapho ikhava yomsele ingavulwa ukuze isebenze, isondo lesandla levalvu akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-300mm ngaphansi kwekhava yomsele. Uma ingaphansi kuka-300mm, i-valve extension rod kufanele isethwe ukuze yenze isondo layo lesandla libe ngaphakathi kuka-100mm ngaphansi kwekhava yomsele.

2.7 Kumavalvu asethwe emseleni, lapho kudingeka ukuthi ahlinzwe phansi, noma amavalvu afakwe ngaphansi kwesitezi esingaphezulu (ipulatifomu),i-valve extension rod ingasethwaukuyinweba isembozo somsele, phansi, isiteji sokusebenza. Isondo lesandla lenduku yokwandisa kufanele libe ngu-1200mm kude nendawo yokusebenza. Amavalvu anobubanzi obuncane obungaphansi noma obulingana ne-DN40 kanye noxhumo olunentambo akufanele lusetshenziswe kusetshenziswa ama-sprockets noma izinduku zokunweba ukuze kugwenywe ukulimala kwevalvu. Ngokuvamile, ukusetshenziswa kwama-sprockets noma izinduku zokunweba ukuze kusetshenziswe ama-valve kufanele kuncishiswe.

2.8 Ibanga phakathi kwesondo lesandla levalvu elihlelwe ngokuzungeza ipulatifomu kanye nonqenqema lweplatifomu akufanele libe likhulu kuno-450mm. Lapho isiqu se-valve nesondo lesandla kunwetshwa engxenyeni engenhla yesikhulumi futhi ukuphakama kungaphansi kuka-2000mm, akumele kuthinte ukusebenza nokudlula komqhubi ukuze kugwenywe ukulimala komuntu siqu.

3 Izidingo zokufakwa kwamavalvu amakhulu

3.1 Ukusebenza kwamavalvu amakhulu kufanele kusebenzise indlela yokudlulisa igiya, futhi isikhala esidingekayo kumshini wokudlulisa kufanele sicatshangelwe lapho kusetha. Ngokuvamile, amavalvu anosayizi omkhulu kunalawa alandelayo kufanele acabangele ukusebenzisa i-valve enomshini wokudlulisa igiya.

3.2 Amavalvu amakhulu kufanele afakwe abakaki ohlangothini olulodwa noma zombili zevalvu. Ibakaki akufanele lifakwe epayipini elifushane elidinga ukususwa ngesikhathi sokulungiswa, futhi ukusekelwa kwepayipi akufanele kuthinteke lapho i-valve ikhishwa. Ibanga phakathi kukabakaki kanye ne-valve flange kufanele ngokuvamile libe likhulu kuno-300mm.

3.3 Indawo yokufaka ama-valve amakhulu kufanele ibe nendawo yokusebenzisa u-crane, noma ucabange ukumisa ikholomu elengayo noma ugongolo olulengayo.

4 Izidingo zokusetha ama-valve kumapayipi avundlile

4.1 Ngaphandle uma kudingwa ngenye indlela inqubo, isondo lesandla levalvu efakwe epayipini elivundlile akumele libheke phansi, ikakhulukazi isondo lesandla levalvu esemgqeni wemithombo yezindaba eyingozi linqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuthi libheke phansi. Ukuma kwesondo lesandla se-valve kunqunywa ngohlelo olulandelayo: ngokuma mpo ukuya phezulu; ngokuvundlile; kuya phezulu ngokutshekisa kwesobunxele noma kwesokudla okungu-45; kuqonde phansi ngokutshekisa kwesobunxele noma kwesokudla okungu-45; hhayi phansi mpo.

4.2 Kuma-valve esiqu avundlile afakwe ngokuvundlile, lapho kuvulwa i-valve, isiqu se-valve ngeke sithinte i-passage, ikakhulukazi uma isiqu se-valve sitholakala ekhanda noma edolweni lomqhubi.

5 Ezinye izidingo zokusetha i-valve

5.1 Imigqa emaphakathi yamavalvu kumapayipi ahambisanayo kufanele iqondaniswe ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma ama-valve ehlelwa eduze, ibanga lenetha phakathi kwamasondo ezandla akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-100mm; ama-valve nawo anganyakaziswa ukuze kuncishiswe ibanga phakathi kwamapayipi.

5.2 Amavalvu adingekayo ukuze axhunywe emlonyeni wepayipi lempahla ngesikhathi kuqhubeka inqubo kufanele axhunywe ngqo emlonyeni wepayipi lempahla uma ububanzi begama, ingcindezi encane, uhlobo lwendawo yokuvala, njll. zifana noma zihambisana nepayipi lomlomo elivulekayo. . Uma i-valve ine-concave flange, uchwepheshe wezinto zokusebenza kufanele acelwe ukuthi alungise i-convex flange emlonyeni wepayipi ohambisanayo.

5.3 Ngaphandle uma kunezidingo ezikhethekile zenqubo, ama-valve asemapayipini angaphansi wezinto zokusebenza njengemibhoshongo, ama-reactor, neziqukathi eziqondile akufanele zihlelwe esiketini.

5.4 Lapho ipayipi legatsha likhishwa epayipini elikhulu, i-valve yalo yokuvala kufanele ibe sengxenyeni evundlile yepayipi legatsha eduze kwempande yepayipi elikhulu ukuze uketshezi ludonselwe ezinhlangothini zombili ze-valve. .

5.5 Ivalvu yokuvala ipayipi legatsha kugalari yamapayipi ayisetshenziswa njalo (isetshenziswa kuphela lapho ukupaka ukuze kulungiswe). Uma singekho iladi elihlala njalo, kufanele kucatshangelwe isikhala sokusebenzisa iladi lesikhashana.

5.6 Uma i-valve yokucindezela okukhulu ivuliwe, amandla okuqala makhulu. Ubakaki kufanele umiswe ukuze usekele i-valve futhi unciphise ukucindezeleka kokuqala. Ubude bokufaka kufanele bube ngu-500-1200mm.

5.7 Amavalvu amanzi omlilo, amavalvu esitimu somlilo, njll. endaweni yomngcele wedivayisi kufanele ahlakazwe futhi abe endaweni ephephile okulula ukuthi abaqhubi bafinyelele kuyo uma kwenzeka ingozi.

5.8 Iqembu lamavalvu epayipi lokusabalalisa isitimu esicisha umlilo lesithando sokushisa kufanele kube lula ukusebenza, futhi ipayipi lokusabalalisa akufanele libe ngaphansi kwama-7.5m kude nomzimba wesithando somlilo.

5.9 Uma ufaka ama-valve anentambo epayipini, isihlanganisi esivumelana nezimo kufanele sifakwe eduze kwevalvu ukuze kuhlakazwe kalula.

5.10 Amavalvu e-wafer noma ama-butterfly valve akufanele axhunywe ngokuqondile kuma-flange amanye ama-valve namapayipi okufakwayo. Ipayipi elifushane elinama-flange emikhawulweni yomibili kufanele lifakwe phakathi.

5.11 I-valve akufanele ifakwe ngaphansi kwemithwalo yangaphandle ukuze igweme ukucindezeleka ngokweqile nokulimala kwe-valve