Ngokuthuthuka kwezindinganiso zokuphila zabantu, ukuqwashisa ngokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokukhathazeka ngempilo, kuqale inguquko eluhlaza embonini yezinto zokwakha emkhakheni wokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi kanye nokuthuthwa kwamanzi. Ngokusho kwenani elikhulu lemininingwane yokuqapha ikhwalithi yamanzi, amapayipi ensimbi abandayo ngokuvamile agqwala ngemva kweminyaka engaphansi kwemi-5 yokuphila kwenkonzo, futhi iphunga lensimbi libi kakhulu. Izakhamuzi zikhalaza eminyangweni kahulumeni ngokulandelana, okubangela uhlobo lwenkinga yomphakathi. Uma kuqhathaniswa namapayipi ensimbi endabuko, amapayipi epulasitiki anezici zesisindo esincane, ukumelana nokugqwala, amandla aphezulu okucindezela, ukuhlanzeka nokuphepha, ukumelana nokugeleza kwamanzi okuphansi, ukonga amandla, ukonga insimbi, indawo yokuhlala ethuthukisiwe, impilo yesevisi ende, kanye nokufakwa okulula. Ithandwa umphakathi wobunjiniyela futhi ithatha isikhundla esibaluleke kakhulu, yakha umkhuba wentuthuko ongafanele.

Izici kanye nokusetshenziswa kwepayipi lepulasitiki

﹝一﹞Polypropylene pipe (I-PPR)

(1) Kumaphrojekthi okwakha nokufaka amanje, iningi lokufakelwa kokushisa namanzi ngamapayipi e-PPR (izingcezu). Izinzuzo zalo ukufakwa okulula nokusheshayo, okongayo kanye nobungane nemvelo, isisindo esincane, okuhlanzekile nokungabuthi, ukumelana nokushisa okuhle, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukusebenza okuhle kokulondolozwa kokushisa, impilo ende nezinye izinzuzo. Ububanzi bepayipi bukhulu ngosayizi owodwa kunobubanzi obujwayelekile, kanti ububanzi bepayipi buhlukaniswe ngokuqondile ngama-DN20, DN25, DN32, DN40, DN50, DN63, DN75, DN90, DN110. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokufakwa kwamapayipi, ama-tee, ama-elbow, ama-pipe clamp, ama-reducer, ama-pipe plug, ama-Pipe clamp, ama-bracket, ama-hangers. Kunezipayipi zamanzi abandayo nashisayo, ipayipi lamanzi abandayo liyipayipi eliluhlaza okotshani, kanti ipayipi lamanzi ashisayo liyipayipi elibomvu. Ama-valve afaka ama-valve ebhola e-PPR, ama-globe valve, ama-butterfly valve, ama-gate valve, kanye nalawo ane-PPR material kanye ne-copper core ngaphakathi.

(2) Izindlela zokuxhumanisa amapayipi zifaka phakathi ukushisela, ukuncibilika okushisayo kanye nokuxhumeka okunentambo. Ipayipi le-PPR lisebenzisa uxhumano lokuncibilika okushisayo ukuze kube okuthembekile kakhulu, okulula ukukusebenzisa, ukuqina komoya okuhle, kanye namandla aphezulu esibonakalayo. Uxhumano lwamapayipi lusebenzisa i-splicer ye-fusion ebanjwe ngesandla yokuxhumanisa okuncibilika okushisayo. Ngaphambi kokuxhuma, susa uthuli nezinto zakwamanye amazwe emapayipini nasezintweni. Uma isibani esibomvu somshini sivuliwe futhi sizinzile, qondanisa amapayipi (izingcezu) okufanele axhunywe. I-DN<50, ukujula kokuncibilika okushisayo kungu-1-2MM, kanye ne-DN<110, ukujula kokuncibilika okushisayo kungu-2-4MM. Uma uxhuma, beka ukuphela kwepayipi ngaphandle kokujikeleza. Faka ejakethini lokufudumala ukuze ufinyelele ukujula okunqunyiwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, cindezela ukufakwa kwamapayipi ekhanda lokufudumala ngaphandle kokujikeleza kokufudumala. Ngemva kokuba isikhathi sokufudumala sesifikile, susa ngokushesha amapayipi kanye nokufakwa kwamapayipi ejakethini lokufudumala kanye nekhanda lokufudumala ngesikhathi esifanayo, bese uwafaka ekujuleni okudingekayo ngokushesha nangokulinganayo ngaphandle kokujikeleza. I-flange efanayo iyakhiwa ejoyintini. Ngesikhathi sokushisa esibekiwe, ijoyinti elisha elihlanganisiwe lingalinganiswa, kodwa ukuzungeza akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele. Uma ufudumeza amapayipi nezinto zokufakelwa, vimbela ukushisa ngokweqile futhi wenze ukujiya kube kuncane. Ipayipi liphazamisekile ekufakweni kwepayipi. Akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukujikeleza ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwepayipi elishisayo nokulingwa. Akufanele kube khona ilangabi elivulekile endaweni yokusebenza, futhi akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukubhaka ipayipi ngelangabi elivulekile. Uma uhlela ipayipi elishisayo nezinto zokufakelwa ziqonde phezulu, sebenzisa amandla okukhanya ukuvimbela indololwane ukuthi ingagobi. Ngemva kokuxhuma sekuqediwe, amapayipi nezinto zokufakelwa kumele abanjwe ngokuqinile ukuze kugcinwe isikhathi esanele sokupholisa, futhi izandla zingakhululwa ngemva kokupholisa ngezinga elithile. Lapho ipayipi le-PP-R lixhunywe nokufakwa kwepayipi lensimbi, ipayipi le-PP-R eline-insert yensimbi kufanele lisetshenziswe njengoshintsho. Ukufakwa kwepayipi kanye nepayipi le-PP-R kuxhunywe ngesokhethi elishisayo elincibilikisiwe futhi kuxhunywe nokufakwa kwepayipi lensimbi noma izinto zokufakelwa zehadiwe zezinto zangasese. Uma usebenzisa uxhumano olunentambo, kuyacetyiswa ukusebenzisa i-polypropylene raw material tape njengesigcwalisi sokuvala. Uma impompi ixhunywe echibini le-mop, faka indololwane yesifazane (efakwe uthayela ngaphakathi) ekugcineni kwepayipi le-PPR kuyo. Ungasebenzisi amandla amaningi ngesikhathi senqubo yokufaka ipayipi, ukuze ungonakalisi izinto ezifakwe uthayela futhi ubangele ukuvuza lapho kuxhuma. Ukusika ipayipi kungasikwa ngamapayipi akhethekile: i-bayonet yesikere sepayipi kufanele ilungiswe ukuze ifane nobubanzi bepayipi elisikwayo, futhi amandla kufanele asetshenziswe ngokulinganayo lapho kujikeleziswa futhi kunqunywa. Ngemva kokusika, ukuphuka kufanele kuzungezwe nge-rounder efanayo. Uma ipayipi liphukile, ingxenye kufanele iqonde ngqo ku-axis yepayipi ngaphandle kwama-burrs.

﹝二﹞ Ipayipi le-Polyvinyl Chloride eliqinile (I-UPVC)

(1) Amapayipi e-UPVC (izingcezu) asetshenziselwa ukukhipha amanzi. Ngenxa yesisindo sawo esilula, ukumelana nokugqwala, amandla aphezulu, njll., asetshenziswa kabanzi ekufakweni kwamapayipi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, impilo yesevisi ngokuvamile ifinyelela eminyakeni engama-30 kuya kwengama-50. Ipayipi le-UPVC linodonga lwangaphakathi olubushelelezi kanye nokumelana nokungqubuzana okuphansi koketshezi, okunqoba iphutha lokuthi ipayipi lensimbi ephonswe lithinta izinga lokugeleza ngenxa yokugqwala kanye nokukhula. Ububanzi bepayipi buphinde bube bukhulu kunobubanzi obujwayelekile.Ukufakwa kwamapayipizihlukaniswe ngama-oblique tees, iziphambano, izindololwane, ama-pipe clamps, ama-reducers, ama-pipe plugs, ama-traps, ama-pipe clamps, kanye nama-hangers.

(2) Khipha iglue ukuze uyixhume. Iglue kumele inyakaziswe ngaphambi kokusebenzisa. Amapayipi nezingxenye zesokhethi kumele kuhlanzwe. Uma isikhala sesokhethi sincane, kungcono. Sebenzisa indwangu ye-emery noma i-saw blade ukuze uqinise ubuso bejoyinti. Hlikihla iglue kancane ngaphakathi kwesokhethi bese ufaka iglue kabili ngaphandle kwesokhethi. Linda iglue yome imizuzu engama-40-60. Ngemva kokuyifaka endaweni yayo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukwandisa noma ukunciphisa isikhathi sokomisa iglue ngokufanele ngokwezinguquko zesimo sezulu. Amanzi avinjelwe ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokubopha. Ipayipi kumele ibekwe iqonde emseleni ngemva kokuba isendaweni yayo. Ngemva kokuba ijoyinti lomile, qala ukugcwalisa i-backfilling. Lapho ugcwalisa i-backfilling, gcwalisa umjikelezo wepayipi ngokuqinile ngesihlabathi bese ushiya ingxenye ehlangene igcwaliswe ngobuningi obukhulu. Sebenzisa imikhiqizo evela kumkhiqizi ofanayo. Lapho uxhuma ipayipi le-UPVC nepayipi lensimbi, ijoyinti lepayipi lensimbi kumele lihlanzwe futhi linamathiselwe, ipayipi le-UPVC lishiswe ukuze lithambe (kodwa lingashiswa), bese lifakwa epayipini lensimbi bese lipholiswa. Kungcono ukwengeza i-clamp yepayipi. Uma ipayipi lonakele endaweni enkulu futhi lidinga ukufaka esikhundleni sepayipi lonke, isixhumi esiphindwe kabili singasetshenziswa ukufaka esikhundleni sepayipi. Indlela yokuxazulula ingasetshenziswa ukubhekana nokuvuza kokubopha kwe-solvent. Ngalesi sikhathi, khipha amanzi epayipini kuqala, bese wenza ipayipi libe nomfutho ongemuhle, bese ufaka i-glue ezimbotsheni zengxenye evuzayo. Ngenxa yomfutho ongemuhle epayipini, i-glue izomuncwa ezimbotsheni ukuze kufezwe inhloso yokuvimba ukuvuza. Indlela yokubopha i-patch ihlose kakhulu ukuvuza kwezimbobo ezincane kanye namalunga emapayipini. Ngalesi sikhathi, khetha amapayipi amade angu-15-20cm ane-caliber efanayo, uwahlukanise ngobude, uqoqe ubuso bangaphakathi be-casing kanye nobuso bangaphandle bepayipi okufanele buhlanganiswe ngokwendlela yokubopha amalunga, bese umboza indawo evuzayo ngeglue. Indlela ye-glass fiber iwukulungisa isisombululo se-resin nge-epoxy resin kanye ne-ejenti yokwelapha. Ngemva kokufaka isixazululo se-resin ngendwangu ye-glass fiber, igoqwa ngokulinganayo ebusweni bengxenye evuzayo yepayipi noma i-joint, bese iba yi-FRP ngemva kokupholisa. Ngenxa yokuthi le ndlela inokwakhiwa okulula, ubuchwepheshe obulula ukubusebenzisa, umphumela omuhle wokuxhuma kanye nezindleko eziphansi, inenani eliphezulu lokukhushulwa kanye nokusetshenziswa ekunqandeni ukuvuza nokuvuza.