I-Taboo 1

Ivalvu ayifakiwe kahle.

Isibonelo, indlela yokugeleza kwamanzi (umusi) yevalvu yokumisa noma ivalvu yokuhlola iphambene nophawu, futhi isiqu sevalvu sifakwa phansi. Ivalvu yokuhlola efakwe ngokuvundlile ifakwe ngokuvundlile. Isibambo sevalvu yesango lesiqu esikhuphukayo noma ivalvu yebhabhathane asinasikhala sokuvula nokuvala. Isiqu sevalvu efihliwe sifakwa. Hhayi ngasemnyango wokuhlola.

Imiphumela: Ivalvu iyahluleka, iswishi kunzima ukuyilungisa, futhi isiqu sevalvu sibheke phansi, okuvame ukubangela ukuvuza kwamanzi.

Izinyathelo: Faka ngokuqinile ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokufaka ivalvu.amavalvu esango elikhuphukayo, shiya ukuphakama okwanele kokuvula kwesiqu se-valve.amavalvu ebhabhathane, cabanga ngokugcwele ngesikhala sokujika kwesibambo. Iziqu zamavalvu ezahlukahlukene azikwazi ukuba ngaphansi kunesikhundla esivundlile, ingasaphathwa eyokuthi ziye phansi. Amavalvu afihliwe akumele nje afakwe umnyango wokuhlola ohlangabezana nezidingo zokuvulwa nokuvalwa kwamavalvu, kodwa futhi nesiqu samavalvu kufanele sibheke umnyango wokuhlola.

I-Taboo 2

Imininingwane namamodeli ama-valve afakiwe awahlangabezani nezidingo zomklamo.

Isibonelo, ingcindezi evamile yevalvu ingaphansi kwengcindezi yokuhlola uhlelo; amavalvu esango asetshenziswa lapho ububanzi bepayipi lepayipi legatsha lokuphakelwa kwamanzi bungaphansi noma bulingana no-50mm; amavalvu okumisa asetshenziselwa amapayipi okushisa amanzi ashisayo omile kanye namapayipi amile; amavalvu ebhabhathane asetshenziselwa amapayipi okufutha amanzi omlilo.

Imiphumela: Kuthinta ukuvulwa nokuvalwa okuvamile kwevalvu nokulawula ukumelana, ingcindezi kanye neminye imisebenzi. Kungase kubangele ngisho nokuthi ivalvu yonakale futhi kudingeke ilungiswe ngenkathi uhlelo lusebenza.

Izinyathelo: Yazi ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zamavalvu, bese ukhetha imininingwane yamavalvu namamodeli ngokwezidingo zomklamo. Ingcindezi evamile yevalvu kumele ihlangabezane nezidingo zokucindezela kokuhlolwa kwesistimu. Ngokwezidingo zemininingwane yokwakha: lapho ububanzi bepayipi legatsha lokuphakelwa kwamanzi bungaphansi noma bulingana no-50mm, kufanele kusetshenziswe ivalvu yokumisa; lapho ububanzi bepayipi bungaphezu kuka-50mm, kufanele kusetshenziswe ivalvu yesango. Amavalvu esango kufanele asetshenziselwe amavalvu okulawula omile nokushisa amanzi ashisayo, futhi amavalvu e-butterfly akufanele asetshenziselwe amapayipi okumunca amanzi omlilo.

I-Taboo 3

Ukwehluleka ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi okudingekayo njengoba kudingeka ngaphambi kokufakwa kwevalvu.

Imiphumela: Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesistimu, ama-valve switch awaguquki, avaliwe kahle futhi kuvuza amanzi (umusi), okubangela ukulungiswa kabusha, futhi kuthinte ngisho nokutholakala kwamanzi ajwayelekile (umusi).

Izinyathelo: Ngaphambi kokufaka ivalvu, kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa kwamandla okucindezela kanye nokuqina. Ukuhlolwa kufanele kuhlolwe ngokungahleliwe u-10% weqoqo ngalinye (uhlobo olufanayo, imininingwane efanayo, imodeli efanayo), futhi kungabi ngaphansi kweyodwa. Kumavalvu avaliwe afakwe kumapayipi amakhulu anomsebenzi wokusika, ukuhlolwa kwamandla kanye nokuqina kufanele kwenziwe ngakunye. Ukuhlolwa kwamandla evalvu kanye nokuqina kokucindezela kufanele kuhambisane "neKhodi Yokwamukelwa Kwekhwalithi Yokwakha Yamaphrojekthi Okunikezwa Kwamanzi, Amanzi Okudonsa kanye Nokushisa" (GB 50242-2002).

I-Taboo 4

Izinto eziyinhloko, imishini kanye nemikhiqizo esetshenziswa ekwakheni ayinazo izincwadi zokuhlola ikhwalithi yobuchwepheshe noma izitifiketi zomkhiqizo ezihambisana nezindinganiso zamanje zikazwelonke noma zongqongqoshe.

Imiphumela: Ikhwalithi yephrojekthi ayifaneleki, kunezingozi ezifihliwe zezingozi, ayikwazi ukulethwa ngesikhathi, futhi kumele ivuselelwe futhi ilungiswe; okuholela ekubambezelekeni kwesikhathi sokwakha kanye nokwanda kokutshalwa kwezimali emisebenzini nasezintweni zokwakha.

Izinyathelo: Izinto eziyinhloko, imishini kanye nemikhiqizo esetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi okuhlinzeka ngamanzi, amanzi angcolile kanye nokushisa kanye nokuhlanzeka kufanele kube nemibhalo yokuhlola ikhwalithi yobuchwepheshe noma izitifiketi zomkhiqizo ezihambisana nezindinganiso zamanje ezikhishwe nguhulumeni noma uMnyango; amagama emikhiqizo yabo, amamodeli, imininingwane, kanye nezindinganiso zekhwalithi zikazwelonke kufanele zimakwe. Inombolo yekhodi, usuku lokwenziwa, igama lomkhiqizi kanye nendawo, isitifiketi sokuhlolwa komkhiqizo wasefektri noma inombolo yekhodi.

I-Taboo 5

Ukuguqulwa kwevalvu

Imiphumela:Amavalvu okuhlola, amavalvu okucindezela, amavalvu okunciphisa ingcindezi, amavalvu okuhlolakanye namanye amavalvu wonke aqonde ngqo. Uma efakwe ebheke phansi, ivalvu yokuphusha izothinta umphumela wokusetshenziswa kanye nokuphila; ivalvu yokunciphisa ingcindezi ngeke isebenze nhlobo, futhi ivalvu yokuhlola ngeke isebenze nhlobo. Kungaba yingozi ngisho.

Izinyathelo: Ngokuvamile, ama-valve anezimpawu zokukhomba emzimbeni we-valve; uma kungenjalo, kufanele akhonjwe kahle ngokusekelwe esimisweni sokusebenza se-valve. Umgodi we-valve yokumisa awulingani kusukela kwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla, futhi uketshezi kumele ludlule echwebeni le-valve kusukela phansi kuya phezulu. Ngale ndlela, ukumelana noketshezi kuncane (kunqunywa ngesimo), futhi konga umsebenzi ukuvula (ngoba ingcindezi ephakathi iphezulu). Ngemva kokuvala, i-medium ayicindezeli ukupakisha, okuyinto elula ukuyilungisa. . Yingakho i-valve yokumisa ingenakufakwa ngokuphambene. Ungafaki i-valve yesango ibheke phansi (okungukuthi, isondo lesandla libheke phansi), ngaphandle kwalokho i-medium izohlala endaweni yokumboza i-valve isikhathi eside, okuzokonakalisa kalula i-valve stem, futhi kunqatshelwe yizidingo ezithile zenqubo. Akulula kakhulu ukufaka esikhundleni sokupakisha ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ungafaki ama-valve e-stem stem akhuphukayo ngaphansi komhlaba, ngaphandle kwalokho i-stem eveziwe izokonakalisa umswakama. Lapho ufaka i-valve yokuhlola ukuphakama, qiniseka ukuthi i-valve yayo i-valve iqondile ukuze ikwazi ukuphakamisa kalula. Uma ufaka ivalvu yokuhlola ukujikijela, qiniseka ukuthi iphini layo liqondile ukuze likwazi ukujikijela kalula. Ivalvu yokunciphisa ingcindezi kufanele ifakwe iqonde epayipini elivundlile futhi akufanele ithambekele kunoma iyiphi indlela.

I-Taboo 6

I-valve ephathwa ngesandla iyavuleka futhi ivale ngamandla amakhulu

Imiphumela: Ivalvu ingase yonakale okungenani, noma ingozi yokuphepha ingase yenzeke kakhulu.

Izinyathelo: I-valve esetshenziswa ngesandla, isondo layo lesandla noma isibambo, yakhelwe ngokwamandla avamile, kucatshangelwa amandla endawo yokuvala kanye namandla okuvala adingekayo. Ngakho-ke, ama-lever amade noma ama-wren amade awakwazi ukusetshenziswa ukuhambisa ibhodi. Abanye abantu bajwayele ukusebenzisa ama-wren, ngakho-ke kufanele baqaphele ukuthi bangasebenzisi amandla amaningi, ngaphandle kwalokho kulula ukulimaza indawo yokuvala noma ukuphula isondo lesandla noma isibambo. Ukuze uvule futhi uvale i-valve, amandla kufanele aqine futhi angabi nomthelela. Ezinye izingxenye zama-valve anomfutho ophezulu athinta ukuvulwa nokuvalwa ziye zacabanga ukuthi la mandla okushaya awakwazi ukulingana nawama-valve avamile. Kuma-valve anomusi, kufanele ashiswe kusengaphambili futhi amanzi ahlanganisiwe kufanele asuswe ngaphambi kokuvulwa. Lapho evulwa, kufanele avulwe kancane ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kugwenywe isando samanzi. Uma i-valve ivuliwe ngokugcwele, isondo lesandla kufanele lijikiswe kancane ukuze kwenziwe imicu iqine ukuze kugwenywe ukukhululeka nokonakala. Kuma-valve esiqu akhuphukayo, khumbula izindawo zesiqu se-valve lapho zivuliwe ngokuphelele futhi zivaliwe ngokuphelele ukuze kugwenywe ukushaya isikhungo esifile phezulu lapho zivuliwe ngokuphelele. Futhi kulula ukuhlola ukuthi kuyinto evamile yini uma ivaliwe ngokuphelele. Uma isiqu sevalvu siwa, noma imfucumfucu emikhulu ifakwa phakathi kwezivalo ze-valvu, isikhundla sesiqu sevalvu sizoshintsha uma sivalwe ngokuphelele. Lapho ipayipi lisetshenziswa okokuqala, kunokungcola okuningi ngaphakathi. Ungalivula kancane ivalvu, usebenzise ukugeleza okusheshayo kwe-medium ukuze uyihlanze, bese uyivala kancane (ungalivali ngokushesha noma ulishaye ukuze uvimbele ukungcola okusele ekucindezeleni indawo yokuvala). Livule futhi, phinda lokhu izikhathi eziningi, ugeze ukungcola, bese ubuyela emsebenzini ojwayelekile. Kumavalvu avame ukuvula, kungase kube nokungcola okunamathele endaweni yokuvala. Uma uvala, sebenzisa indlela engenhla ukuze uyihlanze, bese uyivala ngokusemthethweni. Uma isondo lesandla noma isibambo sonakele noma silahlekile, kufanele sishintshwe ngokushesha. Ungasebenzisi i-swing wrench ukuze usishintshe, ukuze ugweme ukulimala ezinhlangothini ezine zesiqu sevalvu, ukwehluleka ukuvula nokuvala kahle, ngisho nengozi ekukhiqizweni. Amanye ama-media azophola ngemva kokuba ivalvu ivalwe, okubangela ukuba izingxenye zevalvu zinciphe. Umsebenzisi kufanele ayivale futhi ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze angashiyi mifantu ebusweni bokuvala. Uma kungenjalo, i-medium izogeleza phakathi kwezimbobo ngesivinini esikhulu futhi igugule kalula indawo yokuvala. . Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, uma uthola ukuthi umsebenzi unzima kakhulu, kufanele uhlaziye izizathu. Uma ukupakisha kuqinile kakhulu, kukhulule ngokufanele. Uma isiqu se-valve sigobile, yazisa abasebenzi ukuthi basilungise. Uma amanye ama-valve esesimweni sokuvalwa, izingxenye zokuvala ziyashiswa futhi ziyanwebeka, okwenza kube nzima ukuvula; uma kufanele ivulwe ngalesi sikhathi, khulula intambo yesembozo se-valve ngesigamu sokujika kube ukujika okukodwa ukuze ususe ukucindezeleka esiqwini se-valve, bese uphendula isondo lesandla.

I-Taboo 7

Ukufakwa okungafanele kwama-valve ezindaweni ezinokushisa okuphezulu

Imiphumela: okubangela izingozi zokuvuza

Izinyathelo: Amavalvu okushisa okuphezulu angaphezu kuka-200°C asezingeni lokushisa elijwayelekile uma efakwa, kodwa ngemva kokusetshenziswa okuvamile, izinga lokushisa liyakhuphuka, amabhawodi ayakhula ngenxa yokushisa, futhi izikhala ziyanda, ngakho-ke kumele ziqiniswe futhi, okubizwa ngokuthi “ukuqinisa ukushisa”. Abasebenzi kufanele banake lo msebenzi, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuvuza kungase kwenzeke kalula.

I-Taboo 8

Ukwehluleka ukukhipha amanzi ngesikhathi uma kubanda

Izinyathelo: Uma isimo sezulu sibanda futhi ivalvu yamanzi ivaliwe isikhathi eside, amanzi aqongelelwe ngemuva kwevalvu kufanele asuswe. Ngemva kokuba ivalvu yomusi imise umusi, amanzi ahlanganisiwe nawo kumele asuswe. Kukhona ipulaki phansi kwevalvu, engavulwa ukuze kukhishwe amanzi.

I-Taboo 9

Ivalvu engeyona eyensimbi, amandla okuvula nokuvala makhulu kakhulu

Izilinganiso: Amanye ama-valve angewona awensimbi aqinile futhi ayaphuka, kanti amanye anamandla amancane. Lapho esebenza, amandla okuvula nokuvala akufanele abe makhulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi hhayi ngamandla. Futhi qaphela ukuze ugweme ukungqubuzana nezinto.

I-Taboo 10

Ukupakisha ivalvu entsha kuqinile kakhulu

Izinyathelo: Uma usebenzisa ivalvu entsha, ungacindezeli ukupakisha kakhulu ukuze ugweme ukuvuza, ukuze ugweme ukucindezela ngokweqile esiqwini sevalvu, ukuguguleka okusheshayo, kanye nobunzima bokuvula nokuvala. Ikhwalithi yokufakwa kwevalvu ithinta ngqo ukusetshenziswa kwayo, ngakho-ke kufanele kuqashelwe ngokucophelela isiqondiso nendawo yevalvu, imisebenzi yokwakha ivalvu, izikhungo zokuvikela ivalvu, i-bypass kanye nezinsimbi, kanye nokufakwa kwevalvu esikhundleni sayo.