I-Taboo 1

Ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwasebusika, ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi ye-hydraulic kwenziwa emazingeni okushisa amabi.

Imiphumela: Ngenxa yokuthi ipayipi liyabanda ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komfutho we-hydraulic, ipayipi liyabanda.

Izinyathelo: Zama ukwenza ukuhlolwa komfutho we-hydraulic ngaphambi kokufaka ubusika, futhi ukhiphe amanzi ngemva kokuhlolwa kwengcindezi. Ikakhulukazi, amanzi ku-valve kufanele asuswe ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kwalokho i-valve izogqwala kakhulu noma iqhwa futhi iqhekeke kakhulu.

Lapho ukuhlolwa kokucindezela kwamanzi kwephrojekthi kufanele kwenziwe ebusika, izinga lokushisa langaphakathi kufanele ligcinwe ekushiseni okuhle, futhi amanzi kufanele aqhunyiswe ngemva kokuhlolwa kwengcindezi.

I-Taboo 2

Uma uhlelo lwamapayipi lungagezwanga ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuqedwa, izinga lokugeleza nesivinini ngeke lihlangabezane nezidingo zokugungiswa kwamapayipi. Ngisho nokugungiswa kushintshaniswa nokukhipha amanzi okuhlola amandla e-hydraulic.

Imiphumela: Izinga lamanzi alihlangabezani nezidingo zokusebenza zesistimu yamapayipi, okuvame ukuphumela ekuncipheni noma ekuvinjweni kwamapayipi okuphambana.

Izinyathelo: Sebenzisa isilinganiso esiphezulu sokugeleza kwejusi ohlelweni noma isivinini sokugeleza samanzi esingekho ngaphansi kuka-3m/s ukuze uwashaye. Umbala wamanzi aphumayo kanye nokungafihli kufanele kuhambisane nombala nokungafihli kwamanzi angenayo ngokuya ngokuhlolwa okubukwayo.

I-Taboo 3

Amapayipi endle, amanzi emvula kanye namapayipi e-condensate azofihlwa ngaphandle kokuhlolwa ukuthi avalwe yini.

Imiphumela: Ukuvuza kwamanzi kungase kwenzeke futhi ukulahlekelwa kwabasebenzisi kungase kwenzeke.

Izinyathelo: Umsebenzi wokuhlola amanzi avaliwe kufanele uhlolwe futhi wamukelwe ngokuqinile ngokuvumelana nezimfuneko. Indle efihliwe, amanzi emvula, amapayipi e-condensate, njll. agqitshwe ngaphansi komhlaba, ophahleni olumisiwe, phakathi kwamapayipi, njll. kumele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi akukwazi ukuvuza.

I-Taboo 4

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamandla e-hydraulic kanye nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwesistimu yamapayipi, kubukwa kuphela inani lokucindezela kanye nezinga lamanzi, futhi ukuhlolwa kokuvuza akwanele.

Imiphumela: Ukuvuza kwenzeka ngemva kokusebenza kwesistimu yamapayipi, okuthinta ukusetshenziswa okuvamile.

Izinyathelo: Lapho uhlelo lwamapayipi luvivinywa ngokuhambisana nezidingo zokuklama kanye nokucaciswa kokwakhiwa, ngaphezu kokurekhoda inani lokucindezela noma izinguquko zezinga lamanzi phakathi nesikhathi esinqunyiwe, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ukuze kuhlolwe ngokucophelela ukuthi kukhona yini inkinga yokuvuza.

I-Taboo 5

Butterfly valveukusetshenziswa kwe-flangei-valve flange evamile.

Imiphumela: Usayizi we-valve flange we-butterfly uhlukile kulowo we-valve flange evamile. Amanye ama-flange anobubanzi obuncane bangaphakathi, kuyilapho i-valve yevemvane ine-disc ye-valve enkulu, okubangela ukuthi i-valve ihluleke ukuvula noma ukuvula kanzima, okubangela ukulimala ku-valve.

Izinyathelo: Lungiselela ipuleti le-flange ngokosayizi wangempela we-valve ye-butterfly flange.

Taboo 6

Azikho izimbobo ezigodliwe kanye nezingxenye ezishunyekiwe ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sokwakha, noma izimbobo ezigodliwe zincane kakhulu futhi izingxenye ezishunyekiwe azimakwa.

Imiphumela: Ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwamaphrojekthi okushisa nokukhucululwa kwendle, isakhiwo sokwakha siyasikwa noma ngisho nezinsimbi ezithwala ukucindezeleka ziyasikwa, okuthinta ukusebenza kokuphepha kwesakhiwo.

Izinyathelo: Zijwayeze ngokucophelela ngemidwebo yokwakha yephrojekthi yobunjiniyela bokushisa kanye nenhlanzeko, futhi uhlanganyele ngokuqhubekayo nangobuqotho nokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sokwakha ukugcina izimbobo nezingxenye ezishunyekiwe ngokuya ngezidingo zokufakwa kwamapayipi nezisekelo nama-hangers. Bheka ngokuqondile izidingo zomklamo kanye nemininingwane yokwakha.

I-Taboo 7

Lapho amapayipi eshisela, amalunga amapayipi anyakazayo ngemva kokumataniswa awekho emgqeni ofanayo ophakathi nendawo, alikho igebe elisele lapho kufanelana khona, amapayipi anezindonga eziwugqinsi awabhindiwe, futhi ububanzi nokuphakama kwe-weld akuhlangabezani nezidingo ze-weld. imininingwane yokwakha.

Imiphumela: Ukungalungi kahle kwamalunga epayipi kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi yokushisela kanye nekhwalithi ebonakalayo. Uma lingekho igebe phakathi kwamajoyinti, kungekho-beveling yamapayipi anezindonga eziwugqinsi, futhi ububanzi nokuphakama kwe-weld akuhlangabezani nezidingo, ukushisela ngeke kuhlangabezane nezidingo zamandla.

Izinyathelo: Ngemva kokushisela amalunga amapayipi, amapayipi akumele angahambi kahle futhi kufanele abe semgqeni ophakathi nendawo; izikhala kufanele zishiywe emajoyini; amapayipi anezindonga eziwugqinsi kufanele abhajwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ububanzi nokuphakama kwe-welding seam kufanele kuhlanganiswe ngokuhambisana nemininingwane.

I-Taboo 8

Amapayipi agqitshwa ngokuqondile enhlabathini eyiqhwa kanye nomhlabathi ovulekile ongalungisiwe, futhi ukuhlukana nendawo yezinqe zamapayipi akulungile, futhi kusetshenziswa nezitini ezinekhodi eyomile.

Imiphumela: Ngenxa yokwesekwa okungazinzile, ipayipi lonakaliswa ngesikhathi sokubhucungwa kwenhlabathi egayiwe, okwaholela ekusebenzeni kabusha nokulungiswa.

Izinyathelo: Amapayipi akufanele angcwatshwe emhlabathini oqandisiwe noma enhlabathini evulekile engalungiswanga. Isikhala phakathi kwama-buttresses kufanele sihambisane nezidingo zezicaciso zokwakha. Amaphedi okusekela kufanele aqine, ikakhulukazi izixhumanisi zamapayipi, okungafanele athwale amandla okugunda. Izisekelo zezitini kufanele zakhiwe ngodaka lukasimende ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho nokuqina.

Isiqephu 9

Amabhawodi okunweba asetshenziselwa ukulungisa izisekelo zamapayipi awezinto ezingaphansi, izimbobo zokufaka amabhawodi wokunweba zinkulu kakhulu, noma amabhawodi okunweba afakwe ezindongeni zezitini noma ezindongeni ezingasindi.

Imiphumela: Izisekelo zamapayipi zixega futhi amapayipi akhubazekile noma ayawa.

Izinyathelo: Imikhiqizo efanelekile kufanele ikhethelwe amabhawodi wokunweba. Uma kunesidingo, ukusampula kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kuhlolwe ukuhlolwa. I-diameter yembobo yokufaka ama-bolts okunweba akufanele ibe mkhulu kunobubanzi bangaphandle bamabhawodi wokunweba ngo-2 mm. Amabhawodi okunweba kufanele asetshenziswe ezakhiweni zikakhonkolo.

I-Taboo 10

I-flange ne-gasket yokuxhumeka kwepayipi ayinamandla ngokwanele, futhi ama-bolts okuxhuma afushane noma amancane ububanzi. Amapayipi okushisa asebenzisa amaphedi enjoloba, amapayipi amanzi abandayo asebenzisa amaphedi anezingqimba ezimbili noma ama-bevel pads, futhiama-flange pads aphumela emapayipini.

Imiphumela: Ukuxhumeka kwe-flange akuqinile, noma konakalisiwe, kubangela ukuvuza. I-gasket ye-flange iphumela epayipini futhi ikhulise ukumelana nokugeleza.

Izinyathelo: Amapayipi amapayipi kanye nama-gaskets kufanele ahlangabezane nezidingo zokucindezela kokusebenza kwepayipi.

Amapayipi e-asbestos enjoloba kufanele asetshenziselwe izintambo ze-flange zokufudumeza kanye namapayipi okuhambisa amanzi ashisayo; amaphedi enjoloba kufanele asetshenziselwe i-flange linings yamanzi kanye namapayipi okukhipha amanzi.

I-gasket ye-flange akumele iphumele epayipini, futhi indilinga yayo yangaphandle kufanele ifinyelele emgodini we-flange bolt. Amaphedi e-bevel noma amaphedi amaningana akufanele abekwe phakathi kwe-flange. Ububanzi bebhawodi elixhuma i-flange kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-2 mm kunobubanzi bembobo yepuleti le-flange. Ubude benduku yebhawodi ephuma kumantongomane kufanele bube ngu-1/2 wogqinsi lwamantongomane.