I-Taboo 1

Ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwasebusika, ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi ye-hydraulic kwenziwa emazingeni okushisa aphansi.

Imiphumela: Ngenxa yokuthi ipayipi liqina ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwengcindezi ye-hydraulic, ipayipi liyaqina.

Izinyathelo: Zama ukwenza ukuhlolwa komfutho wamanzi ngaphambi kokufakwa ebusika, bese ukhipha amanzi ngemva kokuhlolwa komfutho. Ikakhulukazi, amanzi asevalvini kumele ahlanzwe ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kwalokho ivalvu izogqwala noma iqine futhi iqhekeke kakhulu.

Uma ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi yamanzi kwephrojekthi kumele kwenziwe ebusika, izinga lokushisa langaphakathi kumele ligcinwe lisezingeni lokushisa elihle, futhi amanzi kumele apheshulwe umoya ngemva kokuhlolwa kwengcindezi.

I-Taboo 2

Uma uhlelo lwepayipi lungahlanzwa ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuqeda, izinga lokugeleza kanye nesivinini akukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuhlanza ipayipi. Ngisho nokuhlanza kuthathwa indawo yokuhlanza amanzi okuhlolwa kwamandla e-hydraulic.

Imiphumela: Ikhwalithi yamanzi ayihlangabezani nezidingo zokusebenza kohlelo lwamapayipi, okuvame ukuholela ekunciphiseni noma ekuvinjweni kwengxenye yamapayipi.

Izinyathelo: Sebenzisa izinga lokugeleza kwejusi eliphezulu ohlelweni noma isivinini sokugeleza kwamanzi esingaphansi kwama-3m/s ukuze uhlanze. Umbala wamanzi akhishwayo kanye nokucaca kwawo kufanele kuhambisane nombala kanye nokucaca kwamanzi angenayo ngokusho kokuhlolwa okubonakalayo.

I-Taboo 3

Amapayipi endle, amanzi emvula kanye ne-condensate kumele afihlwe ngaphandle kokuhlolwa ukuthi amanzi avaliwe yini.

Imiphumela: Kungase kube nokuvuza kwamanzi futhi kungase kube nokulahlekelwa ngumsebenzisi.

Izinyathelo: Umsebenzi wokuhlola amanzi avaliwe kufanele uhlolwe futhi wamukelwe ngokuqinile ngokuhambisana nezimfuneko. Indle efihliwe, amanzi emvula, amapayipi e-condensate, njll. agqitshwe ngaphansi komhlaba, ophahleni olulengisiwe, phakathi kwamapayipi, njll. kumele kuqinisekiswe ukuthi awangeni ukuvuza.

I-Taboo 4

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamandla e-hydraulic kanye nokuhlolwa kokuqina kohlelo lwamapayipi, kubonwa kuphela inani lokucindezela kanye nezinguquko zezinga lamanzi, kanti ukuhlolwa kokuvuza akwanele.

Imiphumela: Ukuvuza kwenzeka ngemva kokuba uhlelo lwamapayipi selusebenza, okuthinta ukusetshenziswa okuvamile.

Izinyathelo: Lapho uhlelo lwamapayipi luhlolwa ngokuhambisana nezidingo zomklamo kanye nemininingwane yokwakha, ngaphezu kokurekhoda inani lokucindezela noma izinguquko zezinga lamanzi ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esibekiwe, kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile ukuhlola ngokucophelela ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini inkinga yokuvuza.

I-Taboo 5

I-valve yebhabhathaneukusetshenziswa kwe-flangei-flange ejwayelekile ye-valve.

Imiphumela: Usayizi we-flange ye-butterfly valve uhlukile kowe-flange evamile ye-valve. Amanye ama-flange anobubanzi obuncane bangaphakathi, kuyilapho i-valve ye-butterfly ine-disc enkulu ye-valve, okwenza i-valve yehluleke ukuvula noma ukuvula kanzima, okubangela umonakalo ku-valve.

Izinyathelo: Cubungula ipuleti le-flange ngokobukhulu bangempela be-flange ye-butterfly valve.

I-Taboo 6

Azikho izimbobo ezigciniwe kanye nezingxenye ezifakiwe ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sesakhiwo, noma izimbobo ezigciniwe zincane kakhulu futhi izingxenye ezifakiwe aziphawuliwe.

Imiphumela: Ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwamaphrojekthi okushisa nokuhlanzeka, isakhiwo sesakhiwo siyashiswa noma ngisho nemigoqo yensimbi ethwala ukucindezeleka iyasikwa, okuthinta ukusebenza kokuphepha kwesakhiwo.

Izinyathelo: Zijwayeze ngokucophelela imidwebo yokwakha yephrojekthi yobunjiniyela bokushisa nokuhlanza, futhi ubambisane ngokuzimisela nangobuqotho ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo sesakhiwo ukuze ugcine imigodi nezingxenye ezifakiwe ngokuvumelana nezidingo zokufakwa kwamapayipi nezisekelo kanye neziphanyeko. Bhekisela ngqo ezidingweni zomklamo kanye nemininingwane yokwakha.

I-Taboo 7

Lapho kushiselwa amapayipi, izixhumanisi ezihlanganisiwe zamapayipi ngemva kokushiselwa azikho emgqeni ofanayo ophakathi, akukho sikhala esisele sokushiselwa, amapayipi anodonga olujiyile awashisiwe, futhi ububanzi nokuphakama kokushiselwa akuhlangabezani nezidingo zemininingwane yokwakha.

Imiphumela: Ukungalungi kahle kwamalunga epayipi kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi yokushisela kanye nekhwalithi yokubona. Uma kungekho sikhala phakathi kwamalunga, kungekho ukujiya kwamapayipi anezindonga ezijiyile, futhi ububanzi nokuphakama kwe-weld kungahlangabezani nezidingo, i-welding ngeke ihlangabezane nezidingo zamandla.

Izinyathelo: Ngemva kokushisela amalunga amapayipi, amapayipi akumelwe ahlukaniswe kabi futhi kumele abe semgqeni ophakathi; izikhala kufanele zishiywe emalungeni; amapayipi anodonga olujiyile kumele aqiniswe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ububanzi nokuphakama komthungo wokushisela kufanele kuqiniswe ngokuhambisana nemininingwane.

I-Taboo 8

Amapayipi agqitshwe ngqo enhlabathini eqandisiwe kanye nenhlabathi ekhululekile engalungiswanga, futhi izikhala nendawo yezinsika zamapayipi azifanele, futhi kusetshenziswa ngisho nezitini ezomile.

Imiphumela: Ngenxa yokusekelwa okungazinzile, ipayipi lonakele ngesikhathi senqubo yokuthambisa inhlabathi ebuyela emuva, okwaholela ekulungisweni kabusha.

Izinyathelo: Amapayipi akumelwe angcwatshwe enhlabathini eqandisiwe noma enhlabathini ekhululekile engalungiswanga. Isikhala phakathi kwezinsika kumele sihambisane nezidingo zemininingwane yokwakha. Amaphedi okusekela kumele aqine, ikakhulukazi izindawo zokuxhuma amapayipi, okungafanele zithwale amandla okusika. Izinsika zezitini kumele zakhiwe ngodaka lukasimende ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho nokuqina.

I-Taboo 9

Amabhawodi okunweba asetshenziselwa ukulungisa izisekelo zamapayipi awenziwe ngezinto eziphansi, imigodi yokufaka amabhawodi okunweba inkulu kakhulu, noma amabhawodi okunweba afakwa ezindongeni zezitini noma ngisho nasezindongeni ezilula.

Imiphumela: Izisekelo zamapayipi zikhululekile futhi amapayipi ayaphazamiseka noma aze awe.

Izinyathelo: Imikhiqizo efanelekile kumele ikhethwe ukuze kusetshenziswe amabhawodi okunweba. Uma kudingeka, kufanele kwenziwe amasampula ukuze kuhlolwe ukuhlolwa. Ububanzi bembobo yokufaka amabhawodi okunweba akufanele bube bukhulu kunobubanzi bangaphandle bamabhawodi okunweba ngo-2 mm. Amabhawodi okunweba kufanele asetshenziswe ezakhiweni zekhonkrithi.

I-Taboo 10

I-flange kanye ne-gasket yokuxhumeka kwepayipi akunamandla ngokwanele, futhi amabhawodi okuxhuma amfushane noma amancane ububanzi. Amapayipi okushisa asebenzisa ama-rubber pads, amapayipi amanzi abandayo asebenzisa ama-double layer pads noma ama-bevel pads, kanyeama-flange pad aphuma emapayipini.

Imiphumela: Ukuxhumeka kwe-flange akuqinile, noma akulonakele, okubangela ukuvuza. I-gasket ye-flange iphumela epayipini futhi yandisa ukumelana nokugeleza kwamanzi.

Izinyathelo: Ama-flange nama-gasket amapayipi kumele ahlangabezane nezidingo zokucindezela kokusebenza komklamo wepayipi.

Ama-asbestos pad enjoloba kufanele asetshenziswe kuma-flange linings amapayipi okushisa namanzi ashisayo; ama-raber pad kufanele asetshenziswe kuma-flange linings amapayipi okuhambisa amanzi namanzi ashisayo.

I-gasket ye-flange akumele iphume ingene epayipini, futhi indilinga yayo yangaphandle kufanele ifinyelele emgodini we-flange bolt. Ama-bevel pad noma ama-pad amaningana akumele abekwe phakathi kwe-flange. Ububanzi be-bolt exhuma i-flange kufanele bube ngaphansi kuka-2 mm kunobubanzi be-flange plate hole. Ubude benduku ye-bolt ephuma ku-nut kufanele bube yi-1/2 yobukhulu be-nut.