Ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kuyindlela yokwenza isendlalelo esingaphezulu esinezici zemishini, zomzimba, nezamakhemikhali ezihlukile kwesisekelo.

Umgomo wokwelashwa okungaphezulu uwukwanelisa izidingo zokusebenza ezihlukile zomkhiqizo zokumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nokuguga, ukuhlobisa, nezinye izici. Ukugaya ngemishini, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukwelashwa kokushisa okungaphezulu, kanye nokufafaza okungaphezulu kungezinye zezindlela zethu zokwelashwa ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. Inhloso yokwelapha okungaphezulu ukuhlanza, ukushanelela, ukususa amafutha, ukususa amafutha, kanye nokwehlisa indawo yokusebenza. Sizofunda inqubo yokwelashwa kwangaphandle namuhla.

Vacuum electroplating, electroplating, anodizing, electrolytic polishing, pad printing, galvanizing, powder coating, ukuphrinta ukudluliswa kwamanzi, ukuphrinta isikrini, i-electrophoresis, nezinye izindlela zokwelashwa kwendawo zivame ukusetshenziswa.

1. Vacuum electroplating

Isenzakalo sokwakheka ngokomzimba i-vacuum plating. Into eqondiwe ihlukaniswe ngama-molecule amuncwa izinto eziqhutshwayo ukuze akhiqize ungqimba olungaphezulu lwensimbi lokulingisa olungaguquki futhi olubushelelezi lapho igesi ye-argon yethulwa esimweni se-vacuum futhi ishaya into eqondiwe.

Izinto ezisebenzayo:

1. Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto ezisetshenziswayo, ezihlanganisa izinsimbi, ama-polymer athambile naqinile, izinto eziyinhlanganisela, izitsha zobumba, nezingilazi, zingafakwa i-vacuum plated. I-Aluminium yinto evame ukufakwa ngogesi, ilandelwa isiliva nethusi.

2. Ngenxa yokuthi umswakama ezintweni zemvelo uzoba nomthelela endaweni ye-vacuum, izinto zemvelo azifanelekile ku-vacuum plating.

Izindleko zenqubo: Izindleko zabasebenzi be-vacuum plating ziphezulu kakhulu ngoba umsebenzi wokusebenza kufanele ufuthwe, ulayishwe, uthululwe, uphinde ufuthwe. Kodwa-ke, ubunkimbinkimbi kanye nenani le-workpiece nakho kunendima ezindlekweni zabasebenzi.

Umthelela wendawo: I-vacuum electroplating idala umonakalo omncane endaweni ezungezile njengokufafaza.

2. I-Electropolishing

Ngosizo lwamandla kagesi, ama-athomu ocezu lokusebenza acwiliswe ku-electrolyte aguqulwa abe ama-ion futhi akhishwe phezulu phakathi nenqubo ye-electrochemical of “electroplating,” ekhipha ama-burrs amancane futhi ikhanyise indawo yokusebenza.

Izinto ezisebenzayo:

1. Iningi lezinsimbi lingapholishwa ngogesi, ukupholishwa kwensimbi engagqwali kube ukusetshenziswa okudume kakhulu (ikakhulukazi insimbi engagqwali yezinga le-nuclear ye-austenitic).

2. Akunakwenzeka ukwenza izinto eziningi nge-electropolis ngesikhathi esisodwa noma kusixazululo esifanayo se-electrolytic.

izindleko zokusebenza: Ngenxa yokuthi ukupholisha nge-electrolytic kuwumsebenzi ozenzakalelayo ngokuphelele, izindleko zabasebenzi zincane kakhulu. Umthelela emvelweni: Ukupholisha nge-Electrolytic kusebenzisa amakhemikhali ayingozi ambalwa. Kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi idinga nje amanzi amancane ukuqedela umsebenzi. Ukwengeza, ingavimbela ukugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali futhi yandise izimfanelo zensimbi engagqwali.

3. Indlela yokuphrinta yephedi

Namuhla, enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuphrinta ezikhethekile yikhono lokuphrinta umbhalo, ihluzo, nemifanekiso ebusweni bezinto ezinobunjwa obungajwayelekile.

Cishe zonke izinto zokwakha zingasetshenziselwa ukuphrinta iphedi, ngaphandle kwalezo ezithambile kunamaphedi abicah, okuhlanganisa i-PTFE.

Izindleko eziphansi zomsebenzi kanye nesikhunta zihlotshaniswa nenqubo.
Umthelela wendawo: Le nqubo inomthelela omkhulu kwezemvelo ngoba isebenza kuphela ngoyinki abancibilikayo, abenziwe ngamakhemikhali ayingozi.

4. inqubo ye-zinc-plating

indlela yokuguqulwa kwendawo emboza izinto zensimbi ye-alloy ongqimbeni lwezinc ukuze kube nezakhiwo zobuhle nokuqeda ukugqwala. Ungqimba oluvikelayo lwe-electrochemical, ungqimba lwezinc olungaphezulu lungamisa ukugqwala kwensimbi. I-galvanizing kanye ne-hot-dip galvanizing yizindlela ezimbili ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.

Izinto ezingasetshenziswa: Ngenxa yokuthi inqubo yokufaka uthayela incike kubuchwepheshe bokubopha nge-metallurgical, ingasetshenziswa kuphela ukwelapha ingaphezulu lensimbi nensimbi.

Izindleko zenqubo: umjikelezo omfushane/izindleko zabasebenzi ezimaphakathi, azikho izindleko zokukhunta. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ikhwalithi yangaphezulu yesiqeshana sokusebenza incike kakhulu ekulungisweni kwendawo ebonakalayo eyenziwe ngaphambi kokuvuthwa.

Umthelela wendawo: Inqubo yokufaka uthayela inethonya elihle endaweni ezungezile ngokwandisa impilo yesevisi yezingxenye zensimbi ngeminyaka engama-40-100 nokuvimbela ukugqwala nokugqwala kwendawo yokusebenza. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa ngokuphindaphindiwe kwe-zinc ewuketshezi ngeke kubangele udoti wamakhemikhali noma obonakalayo, futhi ucezu olusebenza ngothayela lungabuyiselwa ethangini lothango uma ukuphila kwalo okusebenzisekayo sekudlulile.

5. inqubo yokucwenga

inqubo ye-electrolytic yokusebenzisa i-coating yefilimu yensimbi endaweni engaphezulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokugqokwa, ukuqhutshwa kwe-conductivity, ukukhanya okukhanyayo, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nobuhle. Izinhlamvu zemali eziningi nazo zine-electroplating kungqimba lwazo lwangaphandle.

Izinto ezisebenzayo:

1. Iningi lezinsimbi zingafakwa ku-electroplated, nokho ukuhlanzeka nokusebenza kahle kwe-plating kuyahluka phakathi kwezinsimbi ezihlukahlukene. Phakathi kwazo, i-tin, i-chromium, i-nickel, isiliva, igolide, ne-rhodium yizona ezivame kakhulu.

2. I-ABS iyinto efakwa ku-electroplated kaningi.

3. Ngenxa yokuthi i-nickel iyingozi esikhumbeni futhi iyacika, ngeke isetshenziselwe ukufaka i-electroplate noma yini ehlangana nesikhumba.

Izindleko zenqubo: azikho izindleko zesikhunta, kodwa ukulungiswa kuyadingeka ukulungisa izingxenye; izindleko zesikhathi ziyahlukahluka ngezinga lokushisa kanye nohlobo lwensimbi; izindleko zabasebenzi (phakathi-phezulu); kuye ngohlobo lwezingcezu zokufaka umuntu ngamunye; isibonelo, izinsimbi zokucweba nezinto zokuhloba zidinga izindleko eziphezulu kakhulu zokusebenza. Ngenxa yezindinganiso zayo eziqinile zokuqina nobuhle, ilawulwa izisebenzi eziqeqeshwe kakhulu.

Umthelela wendawo: Ngenxa yokuthi inqubo ye-electroplating isebenzisa izinto eziningi eziyingozi, ukuphambukisa nokukhishwa kochwepheshe kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulimala kwemvelo okuncane.