Ukuqonda ama-Steam Control Valves

Ukuze ngesikhathi esifanayo wehlise umfutho wesitimu nezinga lokushisa libe sezingeni elidingwa isimo esithile sokusebenza, umusiama-valve okulawulaziyasetshenziswa. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zivame ukuba nokucindezela okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-inlet namazinga okushisa, kokubili okumele kwehliswe kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, ukubumba nokuhlanganiswa kuyizinqubo ezithandwayo zokukhiqiza zalezii-valveimizimba ngoba ingakwazi ukusekela kangcono umthwalo we-steam ngomfutho ophezulu kanye nokushisa okuphezulu. Izinto ezenziwe ngomgunyathi zivumela ukucindezelwa kwedizayini okukhulu kunobukhazikhazii-valveimizimba, inokwakheka kwekristalu elungiselelwe kangcono, futhi inokungaguquguquki kwempahla yangaphakathi.

Abakhiqizi banganikeza kalula amamaki aphakathi futhi afika ku-Class 4500 ngenxa yokwakheka komgunyathi. Uma izingcindezi namazinga okushisa ephansi noma i-valve esemgqeni idingeka, imizimba yama-valve e-cast iseyinketho eqinile.

Uhlobo lomzimba we-valve ehlanganisiwe ehlanganisiwe lwenza ukufakwa kwe-outlet enwetshiwe ukuze kulawuleke isivinini sesitimu esiphumayo ezicindezelweni eziphansi ukuphendula ukuhlukahluka okumangalisayo kwezici zesitimu ezibangelwa ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa nokucindezela. Ngokufanayo nalokhu, abakhiqizi bangahlinzeka ngoxhumo lwe-inlet ne-outlet ngezilinganiso zokucindezela ezihlukahlukene ukuze bafane kangcono namapayipi aseduze ekuphenduleni ukuncipha kwengcindezi yokuphuma ngokusebenzisa amavalvu okulawula umusi omgunyathi.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinzuzo, ukuhlanganisa ukusebenza kokupholisa nokunciphisa ingcindezi ku-valve eyodwa kunezinzuzo ezilandelayo kumayunithi amabili ahlukene:

1. Ukuxubana kwamanzi okufafaza okungcono njengomphumela wokuthuthukiswa kwendawo enwebekayo yesici sokuwohloka.

2. I-variable ratio ethuthukisiwe

3. Ukufakwa nokugcinwa kahle kuqondile ngoba kuyingxenye yemishini.

Singanikeza ama-valve ahlukahlukene okulawula umusi ukuze sifeze izidingo ezihlukahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza. Nazi izimo ezimbalwa ezijwayelekile.

i-valve yokulawula umusi

I-valve elawula isitimu, ehlanganisa izinga lokushisa lomusi osezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu nobuchwepheshe bokulawula ukucindezela, ihlanganisa ukucindezela kwesitimu nokulawula izinga lokushisa endaweni eyodwa yokulawula. Ngezintengo zamandla ezikhulayo kanye nezidingo eziqinile zokusebenza kwezitshalo, lawa mavalvu aphendula isidingo sokulawulwa okungcono kwesitimu. Ivalvu yokulawula isitimu inganikeza ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa okukhulu kanye nokwehliswa komsindo kunesiteshi sokunciphisa izinga lokushisa nokucindezela esinomsebenzi ofanayo, futhi futhi ayivinjelwa kancane amapayipi nezidingo zokufakwa.

Ama-valve alawula umusi ane-valve eyodwa elawula kokubili ukucindezela kanye nezinga lokushisa. Ukuklama, ukuthuthukiswa, ukuthuthukiswa kobuqotho besakhiwo, kanye nokwenza kahle kokusebenza nokusebenza kahle kanye nokwethenjwa okuphelele kwamavalvu kufezwa kusetshenziswa i-Finite Element Analysis (FEA) kanye neComputational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Ukwakhiwa okuqinile kwevalvu yokulawula isitimu kubonisa ukuthi ingakwazi ukumelana nakho konke ukwehla kwengcindezi yesitimu esikhulu, futhi indlela yokugeleza yokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokunciphisa umsindo wevalvu yokulawula kusiza ukunciphisa umsindo nokudlidliza okungafunwa.

Ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa okusheshayo okwenzeka phakathi nokuqaliswa kwe-turbine kungafakwa yidizayini yokunquma esetshenziswa kumavalvu okulawula umusi. Ukuphila isikhathi eside kanye nokuvumela ukunwetshwa lapho iphambukisa ukushaqeka okushisayo, ikheji iqiniswa ikesi. I-valve core inomhlahlandlela oqhubekayo, futhi ukufakwa kwe-cobalt kusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza uphawu lwensimbi oluqinile ngesihlalo se-valve ngaphezu kokuhlinzeka ngezinto zomhlahlandlela.

Ivalvu elawula isitimu inenqwaba yokufafaza amanzi uma umfutho wehlile. I-manifold inezimbobo ezenziwe zasebenza ngomfutho wangemuva kanye nejometri eguquguqukayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuxutshwa kwamanzi nokuhwamuka.

Ukucindezela komhwamuko ongezansi komfula wezinhlelo zokujiya endaweni eyodwa, lapho izimo zokugcwala kwamanzi zingenzeka khona, yilapho lo mbhobho wawuhloselwe ukusetshenziswa khona ekuqaleni. Lolu hlobo lombhobho luthuthukisa ukuguquguquka kwedivayisi ngokunika amandla ukugeleza okuphansi okuphansi. Lokhu kufezwa ngokunciphisa i-backpressure ku-dP nozzle. Enye inzuzo ukuthi i-flash ivela endaweni yokukhipha umlomo kune-valve yokufafaza lapho i-dP ye-nozzle inyuswa ezindaweni ezincane.

Uma i-flash yenzeka, umthwalo wepulaki wepulaki entwasahlobo ku-nozzle uyawuphusha uvale ukuvimbela noma yiziphi izinguquko ezinjalo. Ukucindezelwa koketshezi kuyashintsha phakathi nokukhanya, okubangela ukuthi i-nozzle spring iphoqe ukuthi ivale futhi iphinde icindezele uketshezi. Ngokulandela lezi zinqubo, uketshezi luphinde lube yisimo salo soketshezi futhi lungalolongwa kabusha lube endaweni epholile.

I-geometry eguquguqukayo kanye nomfutho wangemuva owenziwe wasebenza imibhobho

Ivalvu yokulawula isitimu iqondisa ukugeleza kwamanzi ukusuka odongeni lwepayipi ukuya maphakathi nepayipi. Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene kuza izinombolo ezahlukene zamaphuzu okufutha. Ububanzi bokukhipha i-valve elawulayo buzonwetshwa kakhulu ukuze buhlangabezane nevolumu yesitimu ephakeme kakhulu edingekayo uma umehluko we-steam ubalulekile. Ukuze kuzuzwe ukusabalalisa okulinganayo nokuphelele kwamanzi afuthwe, imibhobho eminingi ibekwa endaweni yokuphuma.

Ilungiselelo lokunquma elilula kuvalvu elawula isitimu liyenza ikwazi ukusetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu okusebenza kanye nezilinganiso zokucindezela (kuya ku-ANSI Class 2500 noma ngaphezulu).

Isakhiwo sepulaki esilinganiselwe sevalvu yokulawula isitimu sinikeza ukuvala uphawu Kwekilasi V nezici zokugeleza zomugqa. Amavalvu okulawula isitimu ngokuvamile asebenzisa izilawuli zamavalvu edijithali nama-actuator episton womoya osebenza kahle ukuze aqedele ukushaya okugcwele ngaphansi kwamasekhondi angu-2 kuyilapho egcina ukunemba okuphezulu kwesinyathelo.
Amavalvu alawula umusi angahlinzekwa njengezingxenye ezihlukile uma ukumiswa kwamapayipi kubiza lokho, okuvumela ukulawula ingcindezi emzimbeni wamavalvu kanye nokushisa ngokweqile esitokisini esipholile esingaphansi komfula. Ukwengeza, uma kungenzeki ngokwezezimali, kuyenzeka futhi ukubhanqa ama-plug-in ama-desuperheater nama-valve aqondile.