Ngokwethulwa kwezidingo zezinto zokusetshenziswa, izidingo zokuklama, izidingo zokukhiqiza, izidingo zokusebenza, izindlela zokuhlola, izidingo zohlelo lokusebenza, kanye nobudlelwano phakathi kwengcindezi kanye nokushisa kumkhiqizo we-valve yepulasitiki yomhlaba wonke kanye nezindinganiso zendlela yokuhlola, ungaqonda ukuvalwa okudingekayo kuma-valve epulasitiki Izidingo eziyisisekelo zokulawula ikhwalithi njengokuhlolwa, ukuhlolwa kwe-torque kanye nokuhlolwa kwamandla okukhathala. Ngendlela yetafula, izidingo zokuhlolwa kokuvalwa kwesihlalo, ukuhlolwa kokuvalwa komzimba we-valve, ukuhlolwa kwamandla omzimba we-valve, ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi eside kwe-valve, ukuhlolwa kwamandla okukhathala kanye ne-torque yokusebenza edingekayo ezidingweni zokusebenza kwemikhiqizo ye-valve yepulasitiki ziyafingqwa. Ngokuxoxa ngezinkinga eziningana ezindinganisweni zomhlaba wonke, abakhiqizi nabasebenzisi bama-valve epulasitiki bavusa ukukhathazeka.

Njengoba isilinganiso samapayipi epulasitiki ekuhlinzekweni kwamanzi ashisayo nabandayo kanye nezicelo zobunjiniyela bamapayipi ezimbonini siqhubeka nokukhula, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yamavalvu epulasitiki ezinhlelweni zamapayipi epulasitiki kuya ngokuya kuba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.

Ngenxa yezinzuzo zesisindo esilula, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukungamuncwa kwesikali, ukuxhumana okuhlanganisiwe namapayipi epulasitiki, kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwenkonzo yamavalvu epulasitiki, amavalvu epulasitiki asetshenziswa ekuhlinzekweni kwamanzi (ikakhulukazi amanzi ashisayo nokushisa) kanye nezinye izinto eziwuketshezi zezimboni. Ohlelweni lwamapayipi, izinzuzo zokusetshenziswa kwawo azinakuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto eziwuketshezi zezimboni. Njengamanje, ekukhiqizweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwamavalvu epulasitiki asekhaya, ayikho indlela ethembekile yokuwalawula, okuholela ekhwalithini engalingani yemikhiqizo yamavalvu epulasitiki yokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi kanye nezinye izinto eziwuketshezi zezimboni, okubangela ukuvalwa okuxekethile kanye nokuvuza okukhulu ekusetshenzisweni kobunjiniyela. Kwakha isitatimende sokuthi amavalvu epulasitiki awakwazi ukusetshenziswa, okuthinta intuthuko iyonke yezicelo zamapayipi epulasitiki. Izindinganiso zikazwelonke zezwe lami zamavalvu epulasitiki zisenqubweni yokwakhiwa, futhi amazinga omkhiqizo wabo kanye nezindinganiso zendlela zenziwa ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke.

Emhlabeni jikelele, izinhlobo zamavalvu epulasitiki zifaka phakathi amavalvu ebhola, amavalvu ebhabhathane, amavalvu okuhlola, amavalvu e-diaphragm, kanye namavalvu e-globe. Izakhiwo zifaka phakathi amavalvu anezindlela ezimbili, ezintathu kanye nezindlela eziningi. Izinto zokusetshenziswa ikakhulukazi yi-ABS,I-PVC-U, I-PVC-C, I-PB, I-PE,PPkanye ne-PVDF njll.

Ezindinganisweni zomhlaba wonke zemikhiqizo yamavalvu epulasitiki, isidingo sokuqala yizinto zokusetshenziswa ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwamavalvu. Umenzi wezinto zokusetshenziswa kumele abe nejika lokwehluleka kokuhamba elihlangabezana nezindinganiso zemikhiqizo yamapayipi epulasitiki. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlolwa kokuvala, ukuhlolwa komzimba wamavalvu, kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesikhathi eside, ukuhlolwa kwamandla okukhathala kanye ne-torque yokusebenza kwevalvu konke kuchazwe, futhi impilo yesevisi yokuklama yevalvu yepulasitiki esetshenziselwa ukuthutha uketshezi kwezimboni inikezwa iminyaka engama-25.

Izidingo zobuchwepheshe eziyinhloko zezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke

1 Izidingo zezinto ezingavuthiwe

Izinto zomzimba we-valve, i-bonnet kanye ne-bonnet kufanele zikhethwe ngokuhambisana ne-ISO 15493:2003 “Izinhlelo zamapayipi epulasitiki ezimbonini-ABS, PVC-U kanye ne-PVC-C-Ipayipi kanye nezincazelo zesistimu yokulinganisa-Ingxenye 1: Uchungechunge lwe-Metric” kanye ne-ISO 15494: 2003 “Izinhlelo Zamapayipi Epulasitiki Ezimbonini—PB, PE, kanyeI-PP—Ipayipi NokufakwaImininingwane Yesistimu—Ingxenye 1: Uchungechunge Lwe-Metric.”

2 Izidingo zomklamo

a) Uma ivalvu inesiqondiso esisodwa kuphela sokuthwala ingcindezi, kufanele imakwe ngomcibisholo ngaphandle komzimba wevalvu. Ivalvu enomklamo olinganayo kufanele ifanelekele ukugeleza koketshezi olunezindlela ezimbili kanye nokuhlukaniswa.

b) Ingxenye yokuvala iqhutshwa yisiqu sevalvu ukuze ivule futhi ivale ivalvu. Kufanele ibekwe ekugcineni noma kunoma iyiphi indawo maphakathi ngokungqubuzana noma ama-actuator, futhi umfutho woketshezi awukwazi ukushintsha indawo yayo.

c) Ngokusho kwe-EN736-3, imbobo encane kakhulu yesikhala se-valve kufanele ihlangabezane namaphuzu amabili alandelayo:

— Kunoma yikuphi ukuvuleka lapho i-medium ijikeleza khona ku-valve, akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-90% wenani le-DN le-valve;

— Kwivalvu esakhiwo sayo sidinga ukunciphisa ububanzi bendawo egeleza kuyo, umenzi kufanele asho ubuncane bayo bangempela bokungena emgodini.

d) Ukuvalwa phakathi kwesiqu sevalvu nomzimba wevalvu kufanele kuhambisane ne-EN736-3.

e) Ngokuphathelene nokumelana nokuguguleka kwevalvu, ukwakheka kwevalvu kufanele kucabangele impilo yesevisi yezingxenye ezigugile, noma umenzi kufanele abonise emiyalweni yokusebenza isincomo sokushintsha ivalvu yonke.

f) Izinga lokugeleza elifanele lazo zonke izisetshenziswa zokusebenza kwama-valve kufanele lifinyelele ku-3m/s.

g) Uma ibonwa kusukela phezulu kwevalvu, isibambo noma isondo lesandla levalvu kufanele livale ivalvu ngendlela yewashi.

3 Izidingo zokukhiqiza

a) Izakhiwo zezinto zokusetshenziswa ezithengiwe kufanele zihambisane nemiyalelo yomenzi futhi zihlangabezane nezimfuneko ezijwayelekile zomkhiqizo.

b) Umzimba wevalvu kufanele uphawulwe ngekhodi yezinto zokusetshenziswa, ububanzi be-DN, kanye ne-nominal pressure PN.

c) Umzimba wevalvu kufanele uphawulwe ngegama lomenzi noma uphawu lokuhweba.

d) Umzimba wevalvu kufanele uphawulwe ngosuku lokukhiqiza noma ikhodi.

e) Umzimba wevalvu kufanele uphawulwe ngamakhodi ezindawo ezahlukene zokukhiqiza zomenzi.

4 Izidingo zokusebenza zesikhathi esifushane

Ukusebenza kwesikhathi esifushane kuyinto yokuhlola ifektri ngokwezinga lomkhiqizo. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlolweni kokuvala kwesihlalo se-valve kanye nokuhlolwa kokuvala komzimba we-valve. Isetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukusebenza kokuvala kwe-valve yepulasitiki. Kuyadingeka ukuthi i-valve yepulasitiki ingabi nokuvuza kwangaphakathi (ukuvuza kwesihlalo se-valve). , Akufanele kube nokuvuza kwangaphandle (ukuvuza komzimba we-valve).

Ukuhlolwa kokuvala kwesihlalo se-valve ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kohlelo lwamapayipi okuhlukaniswa kwe-valve; ukuhlolwa kokuvala komzimba we-valve ukuqinisekisa ukuvuza kokuvalwa kwe-valve stem kanye nokuvalwa kokuphela ngakunye kokuxhumeka kwe-valve.

Izindlela zokuxhuma ivalvu yepulasitiki ohlelweni lwamapayipi yilezi:

Ukuxhumeka kokushisela ngezinqe: ububanzi bangaphandle bengxenye yokuxhuma ivalvu bulingana nobubanzi bangaphandle bepayipi, kanti ubuso bokugcina bengxenye yokuxhuma ivalvu buphambene nobuso bokugcina bepayipi lokushisela;

Ukuxhumeka kwe-socket bonding: ingxenye yokuxhumeka kwe-valve isesimweni se-socket, exhunywe epayipini;

Ukuxhumeka kwesokhethi ye-Electrofusion: ingxenye yokuxhumeka kwe-valve isesimweni sesokhethi enentambo yokushisa kagesi ebekwe kububanzi bangaphakathi, futhi iwukuxhumeka kwe-electrofusion nepayipi;

Ukuxhumeka kwe-hot-melt kwesokhethi: ingxenye yokuxhumeka kwe-valve isesimweni sesokhethi, futhi ixhunywe nepayipi ngesokhethi ye-hot-melt;

Ukuxhumeka kwe-socket bonding: Ingxenye yokuxhumeka kwe-valve isesimweni se-socket, eboshelwe futhi ihlanganiswe nepayipi;

Ukuxhumeka kwendandatho yokuvala irabha yesokhethi: Ingxenye yokuxhuma ivalvu uhlobo lwesokhethi olunendandatho yokuvala irabha yangaphakathi, eboshwe futhi exhunywe nepayipi;

Ukuxhumeka kwe-Flange: Ingxenye yokuxhumeka kwe-valve isesimweni se-flange, exhunywe ne-flange epayipini;

Ukuxhumeka kwentambo: ingxenye yokuxhumeka kwevalvu isesimweni sentambo, exhunywe nentambo epayipini noma endaweni yokuxhuma;

Ukuxhumeka okubukhoma: Ingxenye yokuxhumeka kwevalvu isesimweni sokuxhumeka okubukhoma, okuxhunywe ngamapayipi noma izinto zokufaka.

I-valve ingaba nezindlela zokuxhuma ezahlukene ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Ubudlelwano phakathi kwengcindezi yokusebenza kanye nokushisa

Njengoba izinga lokushisa lokusebenzisa likhuphuka, impilo yokusebenza yamavalvu epulasitiki izofinyezwa. Ukuze kugcinwe impilo yokusebenza efanayo, kubalulekile ukunciphisa ingcindezi yokusebenzisa.