Ivalvu yokumisa isetshenziswa kakhulu ukulawula nokumisa uketshezi olugeleza epayipini. Ahluke kumavalvu afana nama-ball valve nama-gate valves ngoba aklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukulawula ukugeleza koketshezi futhi awagcini nje ezinsizeni zokuvala. Isizathu sokuthi kungani i-valve yokumisa ibizwa kanjalo ukuthi umklamo omdala uveza umzimba othile oyindilinga futhi ungahlukaniswa ube ama-hemispheres amabili, ahlukaniswe yinkabazwe, lapho ukugeleza kushintsha khona indlela. Izakhi zangempela zangaphakathi zesihlalo sokuvala ngokuvamile azinandilinga (isb., amavalvu ebhola) kodwa ngokuvamile ziyi-planar, hemispherical, noma umumo wepulaki. Amavalvu eglobhu avimbela ukugeleza koketshezi kakhulu lapho evulekile kunamavalvu esango noma amabhola, okuholela ekwehleni kwengcindezi ephezulu kuwo. Ama-valve eglobhu anezimo ezintathu ezibalulekile zomzimba, ezinye zazo ezisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukwehla kwengcindezi ngevalvu. Ukuze uthole ulwazi ngamanye ama-valve, sicela ubheke kuMhlahlandlela wethu wokuthenga ama-valve.

I-valve design

I-valve yokumisa yakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko:umzimba we-valve nesihlalo, i-valve disc kanye nesiqu, ukupakisha kanye nebhonethi. Lapho usebenza, zungezisa isiqu esinentambo ngesondo lesandla noma i-valve actuator ukuze uphakamise idiski yevalvu esihlalweni. Iphaseji eliwuketshezi elidlula kuvalvu linendlela emise okwe-Z ukuze uketshezi lukwazi ukuxhumana nekhanda le-valve disc. Lokhu kuhlukile kuma-valve esango lapho uketshezi luyi-perpendicular esangweni. Lokhu kumiswa kwesinye isikhathi kuchazwa njengomzimba we-valve omise okwe-Z noma i-valve emise okwe-T. I-inlet ne-outlet ihambisana nomunye.

Okunye ukucupha kuhlanganisa ama-engeli namaphethini anomumo ongu-Y. Ku-valve yokumisa i-engeli, i-outlet ingu-90 ° ukusuka endaweni yokungena, futhi uketshezi lugeleza ngendlela emise okwe-L. Esimisweni somzimba we-valve omise okuka-Y noma okumise okuka-Y, isiqu se-valve singena emzimbeni we-valve ngo-45 °, kuyilapho i-inlet ne-outlet isala kulayini, kuyafana nakumodi yezindlela ezintathu. Ukumelana nephethini ye-angular ukugeleza kuncane kunephethini emise okwe-T, futhi ukumelana kwephethini emise okwe-Y kuncane. Ama-valve ezindlela ezintathu yizona ezivame kakhulu kulezi zinhlobo ezintathu.

I-disc yokuvala ngokuvamile i-tapered ukuze ilingane nesihlalo se-valve, kodwa i-flat disc nayo ingasetshenziswa. Lapho i-valve ivuleka kancane, uketshezi lugeleza ngokulinganayo eduze kwe-disc, futhi ukusatshalaliswa kokugqoka esihlalweni se-valve ne-disc. Ngakho-ke, i-valve isebenza ngokuphumelelayo lapho ukugeleza kuncishisiwe. Ngokuvamile, indlela yokugeleza ibheke ohlangothini lwesiqu se-valve, kodwa endaweni enezinga eliphezulu lokushisa (isimusi), lapho umzimba we-valve uphola futhi unkontileka, ukugeleza kuvame ukuhlehla ukuze kugcinwe idiski ye-valve ivalwe ngokuqinile. I-valve ingakwazi ukulungisa isiqondiso sokugeleza ukuze isebenzise ukucindezela ukusiza ukuvala (ukugeleza ngaphezu kwe-disc) noma ukuvula (ukugeleza ngaphansi kwe-disc), ngaleyo ndlela ivumele i-valve ukuthi ihluleke ukuvala noma ukuhluleka ukuvula.

Idiski yokuvala noma ipulakingokuvamile iqondiswa phansi esihlalweni se-valve ngokusebenzisa ikheji ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthintana okufanele, ikakhulukazi ezicelweni ezinomfutho ophezulu. Eminye imiklamo isebenzisa isihlalo se-valve, futhi uphawu olusohlangothini lwe-valve yenduku ye-disc press abuts ngokumelene nesihlalo se-valve ukuze kukhululwe ingcindezi yokupakisha lapho i-valve ivuliwe ngokugcwele.

Ngokomklamo wesici sokuvala, i-valve yokumisa ingavulwa ngokushesha ngokuphenduka okuningana kwesiqu se-valve ukuze iqale ngokushesha ukugeleza (noma ivalwe ukuze kumiswe ukugeleza), noma ivuleke kancane kancane ngokuzungezisa okuningi kwesiqu se-valve ukuze kukhiqizwe okwengeziwe. ukugeleza okulawulwayo nge-valve. Nakuba amapulaki ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziswa njengezakhi zokuvala, akufanele adidaniswe nama-plug valve, okungamathuluzi okuguqula ikota, afana namavalvu ebhola, asebenzisa amapulaki esikhundleni samabhola ukuze ame futhi aqale ukugeleza.

isicelo

Amavalvu okumisa asetshenziselwa ukuvala nokulawula izindawo zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile, izimboni zikagesi kanye nezitshalo ezicutshungulwayo. Asetshenziswa kumapayipi omusi, amasekhethi apholile, amasistimu okugcoba, njll., lapho ukulawula inani loketshezi oludlula kumavalvu kudlala indima ebalulekile.

Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo zomzimba we-valve yembulunga kuvamise ukuphonswa insimbi noma ithusi / ithusi ekufakweni kwengcindezi ephansi, kanye nensimbi eyenziwe nge-carbon steel noma insimbi engagqwali ekucindezelweni okuphezulu kanye nezinga lokushisa. Impahla eshiwo ye-valve yomzimba ngokuvamile ihlanganisa zonke izingxenye zokucindezela, futhi "ukunquma" kubhekisela kwezinye izingxenye ngaphandle komzimba we-valve, okuhlanganisa isihlalo se-valve, idiski kanye nesiqu. Usayizi omkhulu unqunywa isigaba sokucindezela sekilasi le-ASME, futhi amabhawodi ajwayelekile noma amaflange wokushisela aya-oda. Ukulinganisa ama-valve embulunga kuthatha umzamo owengeziwe kunokulinganisa ezinye izinhlobo zamavalvu ngoba ukwehla kwengcindezi ku-valve kungaba yinkinga.

Idizayini ye-stem ekhuphukayo ivame kakhulu kuma-stop valves, kodwa ama-stem valve angaphumi nawo angatholakala. Ibhonethi ivamise ukubotshwa futhi ingakhishwa kalula ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwangaphakathi kwevalvu. Isihlalo se-valve nediski kulula ukukushintsha.

Misa ama-valvengokuvamile zi-othomathikhi zisebenzisa i-pneumatic piston noma ama-actuator e-diaphragm, asebenza ngokuqondile esiqwini se-valve ukuhambisa i-disc endaweni. I-piston / diaphragm ingachema entwasahlobo ukuze ivule noma ivale i-valve lapho ilahlekelwa umfutho womoya. Kusetshenziswa i-electric rotary actuator.