Izinhlelo zokufaka amapayipi sezihambe ibanga elide, futhiukufakwa kwe-pprzihola phambili. Lezi zihlanganisi zivelele ngekhono lazo lokubhekana nezinselele ezivamile zamapayipi njengokuvuza nokugqwala ngenkathi zithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle. Nasi isizathu esenza kube yinto eshintsha kakhulu:

1. Ziphatha amazinga okushisa asukela ku-70°C kuya ku-95°C (158°F kuya ku-203°F) ngaphandle kokujuluka.
2. Ukushisa kwabo okuphansi kugcina ukulahleka noma ukukhuphuka kokushisa kuncane kakhulu.
3. Zimelana nokukhula nokugqwala, ziqinisekisa ukulungiswa okuncane kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwenkonzo.

Ngalezi zinzuzo, ziyisinqumo esihlakaniphile sezinhlelo zanamuhla zokufaka amapayipi.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• Ukufakwa kwe-PPR kuqinile futhi akugqwali,okuhlala iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50.
• Azilahlekelwa ukushisa okuningi, zonga amandla futhi zehlisa izindleko.
• Ukuhlanganiswa kokushisa kwenza ukuxhumana okuqinile,ukuvimba ukuvuzakanye nomonakalo wamanzi.

Izakhiwo Eziyingqayizivele Zokufakwa Kwe-PPR

Ukuqina Nokumelana Nokugqwala

Ukufakwa kwe-PPRyakhelwe ukuhlala isikhathi eside. Ukumelana kwazo nokugqwala kuzenza zilungele izinhlelo zamapayipi ezivezwe emanzini namakhemikhali. Ngokungafani namapayipi ensimbi, angagqwala noma abhidlike ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-PPR fittings agcina ubuqotho bawo ngisho nasezimweni ezinzima. Ucwaningo mayelana nokuziphatha kwemishini kwamapayipi e-PPR ngaphansi kwengcindezi luqokomisa ukuqina kwawo. Ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi la ma-fittings angamelana nomonakalo futhi asebenze ngokuthembekile ngaphansi kwengcindezi nokushisa okukhulu. Lokhu kuqina kunciphisa isidingo sokushintsha njalo, konga isikhathi nemali ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukufakwa Kwezimo Ezishisayo Nokubekezelela Izinga Lokushisa

Izithako ze-PPR zinhle kakhulu ekuphatheni izinga lokushisa. Ukushisa kwazo okuphansi okungu-0.21 w/mk kuqinisekisa ukulahleka kwamandla okuncane, kugcina izinga lokushisa lamanzi lizinzile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kubanda kakhulu noma kushisa kakhulu, lezi zithako zingakwazi ukuzisingatha. Zisebenza kahle emazingeni okushisa asukela ku--40°C kuya ku-+100°C, kanye nezinga lokushisa lokusebenza elihlala isikhathi eside elingu-70°C. Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zokushisa okuphezulu, izinga lokushisa lazo lokuthambisa i-Vicat elingu-131.5°C liqinisekisa ukuthembeka. Ishadi elingezansi libonisa ukubekezelela kwazo izinga lokushisa okumangalisayo:

Izinto Ezinobungani Nemvelo Futhi Ezingenabo Ubuthi

Ukufakwa kwe-PPR kuyisinqumo esiphephile nesiqhubekayo. Kwenziwe ngezinto ezingenabo ubuthi, kuqinisekisa ukulethwa kwamanzi ahlanzekile ngaphandle kokungcola. Njengoba ziqinisekiswe njengamapayipi asezingeni lokudla ngaphansi kwezindinganiso ze-DIN 1998 T2, zihlangabezana nezidingo zokuphepha eziphakeme kakhulu zezinhlelo zamanzi okuphuza. Ukwakheka kwazo okunobungani nemvelo nakho kuyamelana nama-acid, ama-alkali, kanye nezinyibilikisi, okwenza zifaneleke ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene. Ngokukhetha ukufakelwa kwe-PPR, abasebenzisi banikela eplanethini enempilo ngenkathi bejabulela uhlelo lwamapayipi oluthembekile.

Indlela Izinto Zokufakelwa ze-PPR Ezixazulula Ngayo Izinkinga Ezivamile Zokufaka Amapayipi

Ukuvimbela Ukuvuza Nokuqinisekisa Ukuxhumeka Okuphephile

Ukuvuza kungenye yezinkinga zamapayipi ezikhungathekisa kakhulu. Kuchitha amanzi, kwandise izindleko zikagesi, futhi kungabangela umonakalo wesakhiwo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izihlanganisi ze-PPR zibhekana nale nkinga ngqo ngobuchwepheshe bazo obusha bokuhlanganisa ukushisa. Le ndlela idala ukuxhumana okuvikela ukuvuza ngokuhlanganisa izihlanganisi ndawonye, ​​​​kwakha iyunithi eyodwa, engenamthungo. Ngokungafani nezihlanganisi zendabuko ezinezintambo noma ezinamathiselwe nge-glue, lezi zihlanganisi zihlala ziphephile ngisho nangaphansi kokucindezela okuphezulu noma ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa.

Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kokufakwa kwe-PPR ekuvimbeleni ukuvuza. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokujikeleza kokushisa, ukufakwa kwenziwa imijikelezo engu-500 yokushisa okushintshashintshayo phakathi kuka-20°C no-95°C. Imiphumela ayibonisanga ukwehluleka kwamalunga, okufakazela ukuqina kwawo kobukhulu kanye nekhono lokubekezelela izimo ezimbi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi ye-hydrostatic yesikhathi eside kubonise ukuthi ukufakwa kwe-PPR kungabekezelela amahora ayi-1,000 ku-80°C kanye no-1.6 MPa ngaphandle kwemifantu ebonakalayo noma ukuwohloka.

Uhlobo Lokuhlola	Amapharamitha	Imiphumela
Izinga Lokushisa Eliphakeme Lesikhathi Esifushane	95°C: Ukuqina kwesakhiwo kufika ku-3.2 MPa	Akukho ukuvuza noma ukwehluleka okutholiwe.
Ukucindezela Kwe-Hydrostatic Yesikhathi Eside	Amahora ayi-1,000 ku-80°C, 1.6 MPa	<0.5% ukuguquguquka, akukho mifantu ebonakalayo noma ukuwohloka.
Ukujikeleza Okushisayo	20°C ↔ 95°C, imijikelezo engu-500	Akukho ukwehluleka kwamalunga, okuqinisekisa ukuzinza kobukhulu.

Le miphumela iqokomisa ukuthi kungani ukufakwa kwe-PPR kuthembekile ezinhlelweni zamapayipi eziphephile nezingenawo amanzi.

Ukuqeda Ukugqwala Nokuvinjelwa

Ukugqwala nokuvinjelwa kungadala umonakalo ezinhlelweni zamapayipi. Kunciphisa ukugeleza kwamanzi, kulimaze amapayipi, futhi kuholele ekulungisweni okubizayo. Ukufakwa kwe-PPR kuqeda lezi zinkinga ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo ezingamelani nokugqwala. Ngokungafani namapayipi ensimbi, angagqwala noma aqongelele amadiphozithi amaminerali, ukufakelwa kwe-PPR kugcina izindawo zangaphakathi ezibushelelezi ezimelana nokukhula nokwakheka.

Ukungangeni kwamakhemikhali kwazo kuqinisekisa ukuthi azihlangani namanzi noma ezinye izinto, okwenza zibe zilungele izindawo ezine-asidi ephezulu noma i-alkalinity. Lesi sici sizuzisa kakhulu izinhlelo ezingaphansi komhlaba, lapho ukuchayeka emswakama womhlabathi kanye nosawoti kungasheshisa ukugqwala emapayipini endabuko. Ngokuvimbela ukuvinjelwa nokugqwala, ukufakwa kwe-PPR kugcina izinhlelo zamapayipi zisebenza kahle iminyaka eminingi.

Ukugcina Ukucindezela Nokugeleza Kwamanzi Okungaguquguquki

Ukucindezela kwamanzi okungaguquguquki kubalulekile ohlelweni lwamapayipi olusebenzayo. Ukufakwa kwe-PPR kuyaphumelela kule ndawo ngokuqinisekisa ukugeleza kwamanzi okuphumelelayo nokunciphisa ukulahleka kwengcindezi. Ubuso bangaphakathi obubushelelezi bunciphisa ukungqubuzana, okuvumela amanzi ukuthi ahambe ngokukhululeka ngaphandle kwezithiyo. Lo mklamo uvimbela ukuxokozela futhi uqinisekisa ukucindezela okuzinzile, ngisho nasezinhlelweni ezifunwa kakhulu.

Izindlela eziningana zokusebenza ziqokomisa ikhono lazo lokugcina ingcindezi nokugeleza kwamanzi:

1. Ukufakwa kwe-PPR kuyamelana namaminerali, usawoti, kanye nomswakama womhlabathi, okwenza kube kuhle kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezingaphansi komhlaba.
2. Zigcina amandla ngaphansi kwezimo zokungcwaba zesikhathi eside.
3. Zisebenza kahle ngaphansi kokugeleza okubandayo kanye nokugeleza okuphezulu.

I-Metric	Incazelo
Izindawo Zangaphakathi Ezibushelelezi	Kunciphisa ukungqubuzana, kuqinisekisa ukugeleza kwamanzi okuphumelelayo.
Ukuxhumeka Okungenawo Umphumela Wokuvuza	Kudalwe ngobuchwepheshe bokuhlanganisa ukushisa, okuqinisekisa ukugeleza kwamanzi okuthembekile.
Ukumelana Nokugqwala	Kuvimbela ukunqwabelana kwesikali, kugcina ukugeleza kwamanzi kubushelelezi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izinga Lokushisa Eliphezulu Nokucindezela	Ifanele ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene, iqinisekisa ukuqina ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka kwazo okulula kodwa okuqinile kwenza ukufakwa kube lula, kuyilapho ukumelana kwazo nokugqwala kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside. Ngezihlanganisi ze-PPR, abasebenzisi bangajabulela ukucindezela kwamanzi okuqhubekayo kanye nokugeleza ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuphazamiseka noma ukungasebenzi kahle.

Izinzuzo Zesikhathi Eside Zokufakwa Kwe-PPR

Izindleko Zokulungisa Nokulungisa Ezincishisiwe

Ukulungisa amapayipi kungaba yinkinga. Kuphazamisa impilo yansuku zonke futhi kuvame ukuza nezindleko ezinkulu.Ukufakwa kwe-PPR kusiza ukunciphisalezi zinkinga. Ukuqina kwazo kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kusho ukuwohloka okuncane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokungafani namapayipi ensimbi agqwala noma avuzayo, ukufakwa kwe-PPR kugcina ubuqotho bawo amashumi eminyaka. Lokhu kuthembeka kuhumusha ekuncipheni kwezingcingo zesevisi kanye nezindleko zokulungisa eziphansi.

Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanganisa ukushisa obusetshenziswa kuma-fitting e-PPR nabo budlala indima enkulu. Budala amajoyinti angavuzi angakhululeki noma aguge kalula. Lokhu kuxhumana okuphephile kunciphisa ingozi yokulimala kwamanzi, okungaholela ekulungisweni okubizayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abanikazi bezindlu namabhizinisi bonga imali ngokugwema ukulungiswa njalo nokushintsha.

Ukusetshenziswa Kahle Kwamandla kanye Nezindleko Eziphansi Zezinsiza

Ukusetshenziswa kahle kwamandla kuyinto ebalulekileinzuzo ye-PPR fittings. Ukushisa kwazo okuphansi okungu-0.21 W/(m·K) kuqinisekisa ukulahleka okuncane kokushisa, okwenza kube kuhle kakhulu ezinhlelweni zamanzi ashisayo. Ngokugcina izinga lokushisa lamanzi, zinciphisa amandla adingekayo ukuze kufudunyezwe amanzi. Lesi sici siwusizo kakhulu emakhaya nasezimbonini lapho ukushisa kwamanzi kubalwa khona ingxenye enkulu yokusetshenziswa kwamandla.

Nansi indlela ukufakwa kwe-PPR okunikela ngayo ekongeni amandla:

• Zinikeza ukuvikela okungcono ngokuphindwe kathathu kuya kahlanu kunezipayipi zepulasitiki zendabuko.
• Amalunga angavuzi avimbela ukulahleka kwamandla, okusindisa kufika ku-15% ezinhlelweni ezindala.
• Ubuso babo obubushelelezi bangaphakathi bunciphisa ukungqubuzana, buthuthukisa ukugeleza kwamanzi kanye nokusebenza kahle.

Ubufakazi	Incazelo
Ukuqhuba Okushisayo	Amapayipi e-PPR alahlekelwa ukushisa okuphansi ngo-99.95% uma kuqhathaniswa namapayipi ethusi.
Izakhiwo Zokuvimbela Ukushisa	Ukuvikela okuphezulu kugcina amanzi eshisa noma ebanda isikhathi eside.
Ukuvimbela Ukuvuza	Ukushisela ukushisa kuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukuvuza, kunciphisa imfucuza yamandla.
Ubude besikhathi eside	Isikhathi sokuphila seminyaka engu-50 sisho ukushintshwa okuncane, okusindisa amandla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Lokhu akugcini nje ngokunciphisa izindleko zikagesi kodwa futhi kwenza ukufakwa kwe-PPR kube ukukhetha okuhambisana nemvelo kwabasebenzisi abaqaphela amandla.

Ukusimama Kwemvelo Nokuphila Isikhathi Eside

Ukusimama kubaluleke kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili. Ukufakwa kwe-PPR kuhambisana nalomgomo ngokunikeza ikhambi elihlala isikhathi eside nelinobungani nemvelo. Zenziwe ngezinto ezingezona ezinobuthi, ziqinisekisa ukulethwa kwamanzi okuphephile ngaphandle kokulimaza imvelo. Ukumelana kwazo namakhemikhali kanye nobukhulu nakho kuvimbela ukungcola, kugcina izinhlelo zamanzi zihlanzekile futhi zisebenza kahle.

Ukuphila isikhathi eside kwezingxenye ze-PPR kuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwazo. Njengoba zisebenza iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50, zinciphisa isidingo sokushintsha njalo. Lokhu kuqina kunciphisa imfucuza futhi konga izinsiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka kwazo okulula kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwezinto zokuhamba, okwenza kube yindlela eluhlaza kakhulu kunepayipi lensimbi lendabuko.

Ngokukhetha izinto zokufaka i-PPR, abasebenzisi banikela eplanethini enempilo ngenkathi bejabulela uhlelo lwamapayipi oluthembekile. Kuyinzuzo kubo bonke abantu emvelweni nakumsebenzisi.

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Ukufakwa kwe-PPR kunikeza ikhambi elithembekile nelisebenzayo lamapayipi esimanje. Ukuqina kwawo, ukuvikela ukushisa, kanye nomklamo onobungani nemvelo kubhekana nezinkinga ezivamile njengokuvuza nokugqwala. Njengoba isikhathi sokuphila singaphezu kweminyaka engama-50, kunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa kanye nomthelela emvelweni. Ithebula elingezansi liqokomisa izinzuzo zawo ezibalulekile:

Inzuzo	Incazelo
Ukuqina Nokuphila Isikhathi Eside	Amapayipi e-PPR angahlala iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50, amelana nokugqwala kanye nokukhula.
Ivikela Ukuvuza	Ukushisela ukuhlanganiswa kokushisa kudala ukuxhumana okuqinile nokungenamthungo, okunciphisa ukuvuza.
Okunobungani Nemvelo	Ayinobuthi futhi ingaphinde isetshenziswe, okwenza ibe nobungane nemvelo.
Kuqiza kahle	Isikhathi eside sokuphila kanye nezindleko ezincishisiwe kwenza i-PPR ibe ngeyongayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukutshala imali ekufakweni kwe-PPR kuqinisekisa uhlelo lwamapayipi olusebenza kahle amashumi eminyaka.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yini eyenza ukufakwa kwe-PPR kube ngcono kunemibhobho yensimbi?

Izithako ze-PPR ziyamelana nokugqwala, ukwakheka kwezikali, kanye nokuvuza. Ukwakheka kwazo okulula kwenza ukufakwa kube lula, kuyilapho ukuqina kwazo kuqinisekisa impilo yesevisi engaphezu kweminyaka engama-50.

Ingabe izinto zokufakelwa ze-PPR zingamelana nokushisa okukhulu?

Yebo! Zisebenza emazingeni okushisa asukela ku--40°C kuya ku-+100°C. Izinga lokushisa lazo lokuthambisa i-Vicat elingu-131.5°C lizenza zithembeke ezinhlelweni zamanzi ashisayo.

Icebiso:Ukufakwa kwe-PPR kuphelele kumaphrojekthi okufaka amapayipi ezindlu kanye nawebhizinisi. Ukuguquguquka kwawo kuwenza abe yisinqumo esithandwayo ezinhlelweni zesimanje.

Ingabe izinto zokufaka ze-PPR zinobungani nemvelo?

Impela! Izinto zokufaka ze-PPR azinabo ubuthi, zingaphinde zisetshenziswe, futhi ziphephile emanzini okuphuza. Isikhathi sazo eside sokuphila kunciphisa imfucuza, okwenza kube yisisombululo samapayipi esiqhubekayo.