A i-valve yesangoiyi-valve eya phezulu naphansi ngomugqa oqondile eduze kwesihlalo se-valve (indawo yokuvala), ingxenye yokuvula neyokuvaleka (isango) ixhaswe yisiqu se-valve.

1. Yini ai-valve yesangokwenza

Uhlobo lwe-valve yokuvala ebizwa ngokuthi i-valve yesango isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma noma ukunqamula okuphakathi epayipini. I-valve yesango inokusetshenziswa okuningi okuhlukene. Amavalvu esango asetshenziswa kakhulu enziwe eShayina anezici zokusebenza ezilandelayo: ingcindezi yegama elithi PN1760, usayizi wegama elithi DN151800, kanye nezinga lokushisa elisebenzayo elingu-t610°C.

2. Izici ze-ai-valve yesango

① Izinzuzo ze-valve yesango

A. Kuncane ukumelana noketshezi. I-medium ayishintshi isiqondiso sayo sokugeleza lapho idlula i-valve yesango kusukela umzila ophakathi ngaphakathi komzimba we-valve wesango uqondile, okunciphisa ukumelana noketshezi.

B. Kukhona ukumelana okuncane ngesikhathi sokuvula nokuvala. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-valve yembulunga, ukuvuleka nokuvalwa kwe-valve yesango akusindisi umsebenzi kangako njengoba isiqondiso sokunyakaza kwesango sincikene nesiqondiso sokugeleza.

C. Ukugeleza kwe-medium akukhawulelwe. Njengoba i-medium ingagelezela kunoma iyiphi indlela isuka nhlangothi zombili zevalvu yesango, ingafeza injongo yayo ehlosiwe futhi ifaneleka kakhulu amapayipi lapho ukugeleza kwemidiya kungashintsha khona.

D. Isakhiwo esifushane. Ubude besakhiwo sevalvu yeglowubu bufushane kunaleso valvu yesango ngenxa yokuthi idiski yevalvu imiswe ivundlile emzimbeni wevalvu kuyilapho ivalve yesango yevalvu imiswe iqonde ngaphakathi emzimbeni wevalvu.

E. Amakhono okuvala asebenzayo. Indawo yokuvala iwonakala kancane uma ivuleke ngokugcwele.

② Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-valve yesango

A. Kulula ukulimaza indawo yokuvala. Indawo evalekayo yesango kanye nesihlalo sevalvu ihlangabezana nokungqubuzana okuhlobene lapho ivula futhi ivala, yonakala kalula futhi inciphise ukusebenza kokuvala nempilo yokuphila.

B. Ubude bukhulu futhi izikhathi zokuvula nezokuvala zinde. Ukushaywa kwepuleti lesango kukhulu, indawo ethile iyadingeka ukuze uvule, futhi ubukhulu bangaphandle buphakeme ngoba i-valve yesango kufanele ivuleke ngokugcwele noma ivalwe ngokugcwele ngenkathi ivula futhi ivala.

Isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, uhlamvu C. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-valve yembulunga, kunezingxenye eziningi, kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukukhiqiza nokugcina, futhi kubiza ngaphezulu.

3. Ukwakhiwa kwevalvu yesango

Umzimba we-valve, ibhonethi noma ubakaki, isiqu se-valve, i-valve stem nut, ipuleti lesango, isihlalo sevalvu, indilinga yokupakisha, ukupakisha okuvala, indlala yokupakisha, kanye nesisetshenziswa sokudlulisa kwenza iningi levalvu yesango.

Ivalvu yokudlula (i-valve yokumisa) ingaxhunywa ngokuhambisana kumapayipi okungenisa kanye nokuphuma eduze kwamavalvu esango anobubanzi obukhulu noma anomfutho ophezulu ukuze kwehliswe itorque yokuvula nokuvala. Vula i-valve yokudlula ngaphambi kokuvula i-valve yesango lapho usebenzisa ukulinganisa ingcindezi nhlangothi zombili zesango. Ububanzi bevalve yokudlula yi-DN32 noma ngaphezulu.

① Umzimba wevalvu, owakha ingxenye ethwala ingcindezi yesiteshi sokugeleza okumaphakathi futhi uwumzimba oyinhloko wevalvu yesango, unamathiselwe ngqo epayipini noma (izinto zokusebenza). Kubalulekile ukubeka isihlalo sevalvu endaweni, ukukhweza ikhava yevalvu, nokuhlanganisa ipayipi. Ubude begumbi le-valve elingaphakathi bukhulu kakhulu ngoba isango elimise okwediski, elime mpo futhi lehla liye phezulu naphansi, lidinga ukungena ngaphakathi komzimba wevalvu. Umfutho ojwayelekile unquma ukuthi i-cross-section ye-valve yakheka kanjani. Isibonelo, umzimba wevalvu wesango lomfutho ophansi ungafinyezwa ukuze ufinyeze ubude bawo besakhiwo.

Emzimbeni wevalvu, iningi lamaphaseji amaphakathi anesiphambano esiyindilinga. I-Shrinkage iyindlela engasetshenziswa futhi kuma-valve esango anobubanzi obukhulu ukuze kwehliswe ubukhulu besango, amandla okuvula nokuvala, kanye ne-torque. Lapho kusetshenziswa ukushwabana, ukumelana noketshezi ku-valve kuyanda, okubangela ukwehla kwengcindezi nokwenyuka kwezindleko zamandla. Ngakho-ke isilinganiso sokuncipha kwesiteshi akufanele sibe seqile. Ibha yebhasi ye-engeli encishisiwe yesiteshi emgqeni omaphakathi akufanele ibe ngaphezu kuka-12°, futhi isilinganiso sobubanzi bobubanzi besiteshi sevalvu kuya kububanzi bayo obuvamile kufanele sibe phakathi kuka-0.8 no-0.95.

Ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-valve yomzimba kanye nepayipi, kanye nomzimba we-valve nebhonethi, kunqunywa isakhiwo somzimba we-valve yesango. I-Cast, ifojiwe, i-forged welding, i-cast welding, kanye ne-tube plate welding konke okukhethwa kukho kokuqina komzimba we-valve. Kumadayamitha angaphansi kwe-DN50, imizimba yama-valve asakazayo ivamise ukusetshenziswa, imizimba yama-valve enziwe mbumbulu ivamise ukusetshenziswa, ama-valve ane-cast-welded avame ukusetshenziselwa ukusakaza okuhlangene okungakwazi ukucaciswa, futhi izakhiwo ezishiselwe ukhonkolo nazo zingasetshenziswa. Imizimba yama-valve enziwe ngomgunyathi ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ama-valve anezinkinga ngenqubo yokufoja iyonke.

②Isembozo se-valve sinebhokisi lokugxusha kuso futhi sinamathiselwe emzimbeni we-valve, okwenza kube ingxenye enkulu ethwala ingcindezi yegumbi lokucindezela. Isembozo sevalvu sifakwe izingxenye ezisekelayo zomshini, njengamantongomane esiqu noma izindlela zokudlulisa, zamavalvu aphakathi nendawo namancane.

③I-stem nut noma ezinye izingxenye zedivayisi yokudlulisela zisekelwa ubakaki, abanamathiselwe kubhonethi.

④Isiqu se-valve sixhunywe ngokuqondile ne-stem nut noma idivayisi yokudlulisela. Ingxenye yenduku epholishiwe kanye nokupakisha kwenza i-sealing pair, engadlulisela i-torque futhi idlale indima yokuvula nokuvala isango. Ngokusho kokuma kwentambo esiqwini se-valve, i-valve yesango le-stem kanye ne-valve yesango ye-stem efihliwe kuyahlukaniswa.

A. I-valve yesango ye-stem ekhuphukayo ileyo intambo yayo yokudlulisela itholakala ngaphandle kwesikhala somzimba futhi isiqu sayo se-valve singakwazi ukuya phezulu naphansi. I-stem nut kubakaki noma ibhonethi kufanele ijikelezwe ukuze kuphakanyiswe isiqu se-valve. Intambo ye-stem kanye ne-stem nut akuhlangene nendawo ngakho-ke akuthintwa izinga lokushisa le-medium kanye nokugqwala, okwenza zidume. I-stem nut ingajikeleza kuphela ngaphandle kokuhamba phezulu naphansi, okuzuzisa ukugcotshwa kwesiqu se-valve. Ukuvuleka kwesango nakho kucacile.

B. Amavalvu esango lesiqu esimnyama anentambo yokudlulisela etholakala ngaphakathi kwesikhala somzimba kanye nesiqu sevalvu ejikelezayo. Ukuzungezisa isiqu se-valve kushayela i-stem nut epuleti lesango, okubangela ukuthi isiqu se-valve sikhuphuke futhi siwe. Isiqu se-valve singaphenduka kuphela, singanyakazi siye phezulu noma phansi. I-valve kunzima ukuyiphatha ngenxa yobude bayo obuncane kanye ne-stroke enzima yokuvula nokuvala. Izinkomba kufanele zifakwe. Ifanele indawo engagqwali kanye nezimo ezinesimo sezulu esingesihle ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa kanye nokugqwala komphumela ophakathi nendawo ukuxhumana phakathi kwentambo ye-valve stem ne-stem nut kanye nendawo ephakathi.

⑤Ingxenye yepheya ye-kinematic engaxhunywa ngokuqondile kudivayisi yokudlulisela kanye ne-torque yokudlulisa yenziwe yinadi ye-valve stem kanye neqembu le-valve stem thread.

⑥Isiqu se-valve noma i-stem nut inganikezwa ngokuqondile amandla kagesi, amandla omoya, amandla adonsa amanzi, kanye nokusebenza ngedivayisi yokudlulisela. Ukushayela amabanga amade ezimbonini zikagesi kuvame ukusebenzisa amasondo ezandla, amakhava amavalvu, izingxenye zokudlulisa, ama-shaft axhumayo, nama-coupling asemhlabeni wonke.

⑦ Isihlalo se-valve Ukugingqa, ukushisela, ukuxhumana okunentambo, namanye amasu asetshenziswa ukuvikela isihlalo sevalvu emzimbeni wevalvu ukuze sivaleke ngesango.

⑧Ngokuya ngezidingo zekhasimende, indandatho yokuvala ingavezwa ngqo emzimbeni we-valve ukuze kwakheke indawo yokuvala. Indawo yokubeka uphawu ingaphathwa ngqo emzimbeni wama-valve ama-valve enziwe ngezinto ezifana ne-cast iron, i-austenitic stainless steel, ne-alloy yethusi. Ukuze uvimbele okuphakathi ukuthi kungavuzi eduze kwesiqu se-valve, ukupakisha kufakwa ngaphakathi kwebhokisi lokugxusha (ibhokisi lokupakisha).