A ivalvu yesangoiyivalvu esetshenziswa kabanzi futhi evame kakhulu. Isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni yensimbi, ukulondolozwa kwamanzi, kanye neminye imikhakha. Imakethe ivumile ukusebenza kwayo okubanzi. Kanye nokufunda ivalvu yesango, iphinde yenza uphenyo olunzulu mayelana nendlela yokusebenzisa nokuxazulula izinkinga zamavalvu esango.

Okulandelayo incazelo ebanzi yomklamo wama-valve esango, ukusetshenziswa kwawo, ukuxazulula izinkinga, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi, nezinye izici.

isakhiwo

I-valve yesangoIsakhiwo sakhiwe yipuleti lesango kanye nesihlalo sevalvu, ezisetshenziswa ukulawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwevalvu. Izingxenye eziyisisekelo zevalvu yesango zifaka phakathi umzimba wayo, isihlalo, ipuleti lesango, isiqu, ibhonethi, ibhokisi lokugcwalisa, i-packing gland, i-stem nut, isondo lesandla, njalo njalo. Usayizi wesiteshi ungashintsha futhi isiteshi singavalwa kuye ngokuthi isikhundla esihlobene sesihlalo sesango kanye nevalvu sishintsha kanjani. Ubuso bokuhlangana kwepuleti lesango kanye nesihlalo sevalvu buyagaywa ukuze kwenziwe ivalvu yesango ivaleke kahle.

Amavalvu esangoingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: uhlobo lwe-wedge kanye nohlobo oluhambisanayo, ngokusekelwe ezimo ezahlukahlukene zesakhiwo sama-valve esango.

Isango elimise okwesikwele levalvu yesango le-wedge liyavala (liyavalwa), kusetshenziswa igebe elimise okwesikwele phakathi kwesango nesihlalo sevalvu, elakha i-engeli eqondile enomugqa ophakathi wesiteshi. Kungenzeka ukuthi ipuleti le-wedge libe nenqama eyodwa noma ezimbili.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-valve esango ahambisanayo: lawo anendlela yokwandisa kanye nalawo angenayo, futhi izindawo zawo zokuvala ziqonde ngqo emgqeni ophakathi wesiteshi futhi zihambisana. Kukhona ama-ram amabili anendlela yokusabalalisa. Ama-wedge ama-ram amabili ahambisanayo anwebeka esihlalweni se-valve ngokumelene ne-gradient ukuze avimbele isiteshi sokugeleza njengoba ama-ram ehla. Ama-wedge namasango azovuleka lapho ama-ram ephakama. I-wedge isekelwa yi-boss epuletini lesango, elikhuphukela ekuphakameni okunikeziwe futhi lihlukanise ubuso obufanayo bepuleti. I-double gate ngaphandle kwendlela yokwandisa isebenzisa ingcindezi yoketshezi ukuphoqa isango ngokumelene nomzimba we-valve ohlangothini lokukhipha lwe-valve ukuze ivale uketshezi lapho lungena esihlalweni se-valve ezindaweni ezimbili zesihlalo ezihambisanayo.

Amavalvu esango ahlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili: amavalvu esango lesiqu esikhuphukayo kanye namavalvu esango lesiqu esifihlayo ngokusekelwe endleleni isiqu sevalvu esinyakaza ngayo lapho isango livulwa futhi livalwa. Lapho ivalvu yesango lesiqu esikhuphukayo ivulwa noma ivalwa, ipuleti lesango kanye nesiqu sevalvu kokubili kuyaphakama futhi kwehle ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngokuphambene nalokho, lapho ivalvu yesango lesiqu esifihliwe ivulwa noma ivalwa, ipuleti lesango limane likhuphuke futhi lehle kanti isiqu sevalvu siyajikeleza kuphela. Inzuzo yevalvu yesango lesiqu esikhuphukayo ukuthi ukuphakama okuhlalwa kungancishiswa kuyilapho ukuphakama kokuvula kwesiteshi kunganqunywa ukuphakama kwesiqu sevalvu. Vala ivalvu ngokujikeleza isondo lesandla noma isibambo ngendlela ephambene newashi ngenkathi ubhekene nayo.

Izimiso zokukhetha ama-valve esango kanye nezimo

Ivalvu yesango enomumo ongu-V

Izicelo zama-valve esango le-slab zifaka:

(1) Ivalvu yesango eliyisicaba enezimbobo zokujika yenza kube lula ukuhlanza amapayipi athwala igesi yemvelo kanye namafutha.

(2) Izindawo zokugcina uwoyela ocwengekile kanye namapayipi.

(3) Imishini yamachweba okukhipha uwoyela negesi.

(4) Izinhlelo zamapayipi alengisiwe agcwele izinhlayiya.

(5) Ipayipi lokudlulisa igesi yedolobha.

(6) Ukufakwa kwamapayipi.

Indlela yokukhetha i-valve yesango le-slab:

(1) Sebenzisa amavalvu esango elilodwa noma amabili epayipini elithwala igesi yemvelo kanye nowoyela. Sebenzisa ivalvu yesango elilodwa elinevalvu yesango elivulekile eliyisicaba uma kudingeka ukuhlanza ipayipi.

(2) Amavalvu esango eliyisicaba anenqama eyodwa noma inqama ephindwe kabili engenazo izimbobo zokudlulisela ayakhethwa ukuze kusetshenziswe amapayipi okuthutha uwoyela ocwengekile kanye nemishini yokugcina.

(3) Amavalvu esango elilodwa noma amabili anezinti ezintantayo kanye nemigodi yokuchezukisa ayakhethwa ukuze kufakwe imbobo yokukhipha uwoyela negesi yemvelo.

(4) Amavalvu esango leslab elinomumese akhethwa kumapayipi aqukethe imidiya yezinhlayiya ezilengayo.

Sebenzisa amavalvu esango elilodwa noma amabili aqinile avaliwe ngenduku ekhuphukayo emapayipini okudlulisa igesi edolobheni.

(6) Amavalvu esango elilodwa noma amabili anezinduku ezivulekile futhi angenazo izimbobo zokuchezukisa ayakhethwa ukuze kufakwe amanzi ompompi.

ivalvu yesango le-wedge

Izimo zokusetshenziswa kwamavalvu esango le-wedge: Ivalvu yesango uhlobo lwevalvu olusetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukulawula noma ukugoqa futhi ifanelekela kuphela ukuvulwa okugcwele noma ukuvala okugcwele.

Amavalvu esango le-wedge avame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinezimo zokusebenza ezinzima futhi azikho imikhawulo eqinile yobukhulu bangaphandle bevalvu. Isibonelo, izingxenye zokuvala ziyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe ukuvalwa kwesikhathi eside lapho indawo yokusebenza ingukushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu.

Ngokuvamile, kuyalulekwa ukusebenzisa i-valve yesango le-wedge lapho izimo zesevisi zidinga ukusebenza okuthembekile kokuvala, umfutho ophezulu, ukunqunywa komfutho ophezulu (umehluko omkhulu wokucindezela), ukunqunywa komfutho ophansi (umehluko omncane wokucindezela), umsindo ophansi, ukucasuka kanye nokuhwamuka, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphakathi, noma izinga lokushisa eliphansi (i-cryogenic). Izimboni eziningi zisebenzisa ubunjiniyela bokuphakelwa kwamanzi kanye nokwelashwa kwendle, okuhlanganisa imboni kagesi, ukuncibilikisa uphethiloli, imboni yamakhemikhali kaphethiloli, uwoyela ongaphandle kolwandle, ukuthuthukiswa kwedolobha, imboni yamakhemikhali, nabanye.
Inqubo yokukhetha:

(1) Izidingo zezakhiwo zoketshezi lwe-valve. Ama-valve esango akhethwa ukusetshenziswa lapho kunokumelana okuncane kokugeleza, amandla amakhulu okugeleza, izici ezinhle kakhulu zokugeleza, kanye nezidingo zokuvala eziqinile.

(2) Indawo enomfutho nokushisa okuphezulu, njengokushisa okuphezulu, uwoyela ocindezelayo, kanye nomusi ocindezelayo ophezulu.

(3) Indawo eveza uketshezi (ephansi lokushisa). isibonelo i-hydrogen ewuketshezi, i-oxygen ewuketshezi, i-ammonia ewuketshezi, nezinye izinto.

(4) Ububanzi obuphezulu kanye nomfutho ophansi, njengokuhlanza indle kanye nemisebenzi yamanzi.

(5) Indawo yokufaka: Khetha ivalvu yesango le-stem wedge efihliwe uma ukuphakama kokufaka kulinganiselwe; khetha ivalvu yesango le-stem wedge eveziwe uma kungenjalo.

(6) Amavalvu esango le-wedge asebenza kuphela uma engavulwa ngokuphelele noma evalwe ngokuphelele; awakwazi ukulungiswa noma ukugoqwa.

Amaphutha Nokulungiswa Okuvamile

izinkinga ze-valve yesango ezivamile kanye nezimbangela zazo

Izinkinga ezilandelayo zivame ukuvela ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwe-valve yesango ngenxa yemiphumela yokushisa okuphakathi, ingcindezi, ukugqwala, kanye nokunyakaza okuhlobene kwezingxenye ezahlukene zokuxhumana.

(1) Ukuvuza: Ukuvuza kwangaphandle kanye nokuvuza kwangaphakathi yizigaba ezimbili. Ukuvuza kwangaphandle yigama elisho ukuvuza ngaphandle kwevalvu, futhi ukuvuza kwangaphandle kuvame ukubonwa emabhokisini okugcwalisa kanye nokuxhumeka kweflange.

Indlala yokupakisha ikhululekile; ubuso besiqu se-valve buyaklwebheka; uhlobo noma ikhwalithi yokugxusha ayihlangabezani nezindinganiso; ukugxusha kuyaguga noma isiqu se-valve sonakele.

Izici ezilandelayo zingabangela ukuvuza ekuxhumeni kwe-flange: izinto noma usayizi onganele we-gasket; ikhwalithi yokucubungula ubuso bokuvala i-flange empofu; amabhawodi okuxhuma aqiniswe ngendlela engafanele; ipayipi elilungiselelwe ngendlela engafanele; kanye nomthwalo owengeziwe owengeziwe okhiqizwa ekuxhumeni.

Izimbangela zokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwevalvu zifaka: Ukuvuza kwangaphakathi okubangelwa ukuvalwa kwevalvu okuxegayo kubangelwa umonakalo ebusweni bokuvala kwevalvu noma impande exegayo yendandatho yokuvala.

(1) Umzimba wevalvu, ibhonethi, isiqu sevalvu, kanye nobuso bokuvala iflange ngokuvamile kuyizinto ezibangela ukugqwala. Isenzo se-medium kanye nokukhishwa kwe-ion kusuka kuma-fillers nama-gaskets yizona zimbangela eziyinhloko zokugqwala.

(2) Ukuklwebheka: Ukuklwebheka noma ukuxebuka kwendawo okwenzeka lapho isihlalo se-valve kanye nesango kunyakaza maqondana ngenkathi kuxhumana.

Ukulungiswa kwevalvu yesango

(1) Ukulungisa ukuvuza kwevalvu yangaphandle

Ukuze kuvinjelwe indlala ukuthi ithambeke futhi kushiye isikhala sokuminyana, amabhawodi endlala kufanele alinganiswe ngaphambi kokucindezela ukupakisha. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthinta ukujikeleza kwesiqu sevalvu, okubangela ukuthi ukupakisha kuphele ngokushesha, futhi kunciphise impilo yenkonzo yokupakisha, isiqu sevalvu kufanele sijikeleziswe ngenkathi kucindezela ukupakisha ukuze kwenziwe ukupakisha okuzungezile kufane futhi kuvimbele ingcindezi ukuthi iqine kakhulu. Ubuso besiqu sevalvu buyaklwebheka, okwenza kube lula ukuthi i-medium iphume. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, isiqu sevalvu kufanele sicutshungulwe ukuze kususwe imihuzuko ebusweni baso.

Uma i-gasket yonakele, kufanele ishintshwe. Uma izinto ze-gasket zingakhethwanga kahle, kufanele kukhethwe izinto ezingahlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa. Uma ikhwalithi yokucubungula indawo yokuvala i-flange iphansi, indawo idinga ukususwa nokulungiswa. Kuze kube yilapho ifanelekile, indawo yokuvala i-flange iyacutshungulwa kabusha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqinisa okwanele kwebhawodi yeflange, ukwakhiwa kwephayiphi okufanele, kanye nokugwema ukucindezeleka okweqile ekuxhumeni kweflange nakho kuyasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuvuza kokuxhumeka kweflange.

(2) Ukulungisa ivalvu yangaphakathi evuzayo

Uma indandatho yokuvala iboshelwe epuletini noma esihlalweni sevalvu ngokucindezela noma ngokufaka intambo, ukulungiswa kokuvuza kwangaphakathi kuhilela ukususa ubuso bokuvala obonakele kanye nempande ekhululekile yendandatho yokuvala. Akukho nkinga ngempande ekhululekile noma ukuvuza uma ubuso bokuvala buphathwa ngokushesha emzimbeni wevalvu kanye nepuleti levalvu.

Uma indawo yokuvala icutshungulwa ngqo emzimbeni we-valve futhi indawo yokuvala yonakele kakhulu, indawo yokuvala eyonakele kufanele isuswe kuqala. Uma indawo yokuvala yakhiwe ngendandatho yokuvala, indandatho endala kufanele isuswe bese kunikezwa indandatho entsha yokuvala. Indandatho entsha yokuvala kufanele isuswe, bese indawo ecutshunguliwe kufanele igaywe ibe yindawo entsha yokuvala. Ukugaya kungasusa amaphutha endaweni yokuvala engaphansi kuka-0.05mm ngobukhulu, kufaka phakathi imihuzuko, amaqhubu, ukuchotshozwa, ukugoba, nezinye iziphambeko.

Impande yendandatho yokuvala yilapho kuqala khona ukuvuza. Itheyiphu ye-tetrafluoroethylene noma upende omhlophe ojiyile kufanele kusetshenziswe esihlalweni se-valve noma phansi komsele wendandatho yokuvala uma iqiniswa ngokucindezela. Uma indandatho yokuvala ifakelwe intambo, i-PTFE tape noma upende omhlophe ojiyile kufanele kusetshenziswe phakathi kwezintambo ukuvimba uketshezi ekuvuzeni phakathi kwezintambo.

(3) Ukulungisa amavalvu agugile

Isiqu se-valve sivame ukufakwa imigodi, kodwa umzimba we-valve kanye ne-bonnet ngokuvamile kugqwala ngokulinganayo. Imikhiqizo yokugqwala kufanele isuswe ngaphambi kokulungiswa. Uma isiqu se-valve sinemigodi yemigodi, kufanele sifakwe ngomshini we-lathe ukuze kususwe umgodi bese sigcwaliswa ngezinto ezizophuma kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-filler kufanele ihlanzwe ngamanzi acwengekile ukuze kususwe noma yikuphi ukugcwalisa okungalimaza isiqu se-valve.

(4) Ukuthinta ama-dings ebusweni bokuvala

Zama ukugwema ukuklwebha indawo yokuvala ngenkathi usebenzisa ivalvu, futhi uqaphele ukuthi ungayivali nge-torque enkulu. Ukugaya kungasusa imihuzuko endaweni yokuvala.

Ukuhlola ama-valve amane esango

Amavalvu esango lensimbi akha ingxenye ebalulekile yemakethe kanye nezidingo zomsebenzisi kulezi zinsuku. Kumelwe ube nolwazi ngokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nomkhiqizo uqobo ukuze ube ngumhloli wekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ophumelelayo.

izinto zokuhlola i-valve yesango lensimbi

Izimpawu, ubukhulu bodonga obuncane, ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi, ukuhlolwa kwegobolondo, njll. yizinto ezibalulekile. Ubukhulu bodonga, ingcindezi, kanye nokuhlolwa kwegobolondo kuphakathi kwazo futhi kuyizinto ezibalulekile zokuhlola. Imikhiqizo engafanelekile ingahlolwa ngqo uma kukhona izinto ezingafanelekile.

Ngamafuphi, kusobala ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo kuyisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu sokuhlolwa komkhiqizo okuphelele. Kuphela ngokuqonda kahle izinto ezihloliwe lapho singenza khona umsebenzi ongcono wokuhlola. Njengabasebenzi bokuhlola abaphambili, kubalulekile ukuthi siqhubeke nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yethu.