A i-valve yesangoiyi-valve yenhloso evamile esetshenziswa kabanzi evame kakhulu. Isetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni we-metallurgical, ukongiwa kwamanzi, nakweminye imikhakha. Imakethe ivume uhla lwayo olubanzi lokusebenza. Ngokuhambisana nokutadisha i-valve yesango, iphinde yenza uphenyo olunzulu mayelana nendlela yokusebenzisa nokuxazulula inkinga ama-valve esango.

Okulandelayo incazelo ebanzi yokuklama kwamavalvu esango, ukusetshenziswa, ukuxazulula izinkinga, ukulawula ikhwalithi, nezinye izici.

isakhiwo

I-valve yesangoisakhiwo siqukethe ipuleti lesango kanye nesihlalo se-valve, ezisetshenziselwa ukulawula ukuvulwa nokuvala kwe-valve. Izingxenye eziyisisekelo ze-valve yesango zihlanganisa umzimba wayo, isihlalo, ipuleti lesango, isiqu, ibhonethi, ibhokisi lokugxusha, indlala yokupakisha, i-stem nut, isondo lesandla, njalonjalo. Usayizi wesiteshi ungashintsha futhi isiteshi singavalwa kuye ngokuthi indawo ehlobene yesango nesihlalo sevalvu sishintsha kanjani. Indawo yokukhwelana yepuleti lesango kanye nesihlalo sevalvu iphansi ukuze kwenze ivalve yesango ivaleke ngokuqinile.

Ama-valve esangoingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: uhlobo lwe-wedge kanye nohlobo oluhambisanayo, ngokusekelwe ezinhlobonhlobo zezakhiwo zama-valve esango.

Isango elimise okwenhlonhlo lama-valve esango eliwunxantathu (liyavalwa), kusetshenziswa igebe elimise okwe-wedge phakathi kwesango nesihlalo sevalvu, elakha i-engeli etshekile enomugqa omaphakathi wesiteshi. Kungenzeka ukuthi ipuleti le-wedge libe nenqama eyodwa noma ezimbili.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamavalvu esango ahambisanayo: lawo anomshini wokunweba nalawo angenawo, futhi izindawo zawo zokuvala zincikene nomugqa omaphakathi wesiteshi futhi ziyahambisana. Izinqama eziphindwe kabili ezinomshini wokusabalalisa zikhona. Amaweji ezinqama ezimbili ezihambisanayo anwebeka esihlalweni sevalvu ngokumelene negradient ukuze avimbe umzila wokugeleza njengoba izinqama zehla. Izindonga namasango azovuleka lapho izinqama ziphakama. Iweji isekelwa umphathi kupuleti lesango, elikhuphukela kubude obunikeziwe futhi lihlukanise indawo efanayo yepuleti. Isango eliphindwe kabili elingenayo indlela yokwandisa lisebenzisa ingcindezi yoketshezi ukuphoqelela isango ngokumelene nomzimba we-valve ohlangothini lokuphuma kwe-valve ukuze kuvalwe uketshezi lapho lushelela esihlalweni sevalvu eduze kwezindawo ezimbili ezihambisanayo.

Ama-valve esango ahlukaniswe abe izigaba ezimbili: ama-valve esango le-stem akhuphukayo futhi afihle ama-valve esango le-stem ngokusekelwe endleleni i-valve stem ehamba ngayo lapho isango livulwa futhi livaliwe. Lapho i-valve yesango lesiqu esikhuphukayo ivulwa noma ivaliwe, ipuleti lesango kanye nesiqu se-valve zombili ziyakhuphuka futhi ziwe kanye kanye. Ngokuphambene, lapho i-valve yesango ye-stem efihliwe ivuliwe noma ivaliwe, ipuleti lesango livele liphakame futhi liwe futhi isiqu se-valve sijikeleza kuphela. Inzuzo ye-valve yesango le-stem ekhuphukayo iwukuthi ukuphakama okuhlala kuyo kungancishiswa kuyilapho ukuphakama kwesiteshi kunganqunywa ukuphakama kokuphakama kwesiqu se-valve.Vala i-valve ngokuzungezisa isondo lesandla noma ubambe ngokuphambene newashi ngenkathi ubhekene nalo.

Izimiso zokukhetha i-valve yesango nezimo

I-valve yesango emise okwe-V

Izicelo zama-valve amasango e-slab zihlanganisa:

(1) Ivalvu yesango eliyisicaba elinezimbobo eziphambukisayo yenza kube lula ukuhlanza amapayipi athwala igesi yemvelo namafutha.

(2) Izinsiza ezicolisisiwe zokugcina uwoyela namapayipi.

(3) Izimpahla zamachweba okumba uwoyela negesi.

(4) Amasistimu wamapayipi amisiwe agcwaliswe ngezinhlayiyana.

(5) Ipayipi lokuhambisa igesi yedolobha.

(6) Amapayipi amanzi.

Indlela yokukhetha i-slab gate valve:

(1) Sebenzisa amavalvu esango elilodwa noma amabili amapayipi athwala igesi yemvelo namafutha. Sebenzisa i-valve yesango elilodwa eline-valve yesango eliyisicaba elivulekile uma kudingeka ukuhlanza ipayipi.

(2) Amavalvu esango ayisicaba anenqama eyodwa noma inqama eyodwa engenazimbobo zokuphambukisa akhethelwa amapayipi okuthutha uwoyela acolisisiwe kanye nempahla yokugcina.

(3) Isango elilodwa noma ama-valve esango lama-slab esango elilodwa elinezihlalo ezintantayo zezinduku ezifihliwe kanye nezimbobo zokuphambukisa akhethelwe ukufakwa kwembobo yokukhipha uwoyela negesi yemvelo.

(4) Amavalvu esango lama-slab amise okwemmese akhethelwa amapayipi aqukethe imidiya yezinhlayiyana ezimisiwe.

Sebenzisa isango elilodwa noma isango eliphindwe kabili lamavalvu esango elikhuphukayo elivalwe ngokuthambile kumapayipi okuhambisa igesi emadolobheni.

(6) Isango elilodwa noma amavalvu esango akabili anezinduku ezivulekile futhi azikho izimbobo zokuphambukisa ezikhethelwa ukufaka amanzi kampompi.

i-valve yesango le-wedge

Izimo zokusetshenziswa kwamavalvu esango eliwucezu: Ivalvu yesango iwuhlobo lwamavalvu olusetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukulawula noma ukudonsa futhi ifaneleka kuphela ukuvulwa okugcwele noma ukuvala ngokugcwele.

Amavalvu esango le-Wedge ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinezimo zokusebenza eziqinile futhi ezingenazo imingcele eqinile yobukhulu bangaphandle be-valve. Isibonelo, izingxenye zokuvala ziyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe ukuvala isikhathi eside lapho indawo yokusebenza isezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokucindezela okukhulu.

Ngokuvamile, kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-valve yesango eliwumphetho lapho izimo zesevisi zidinga ukusebenza okuthembekile kokuvala, ukucindezela okuphezulu, ukunqanyulwa kwengcindezi ephezulu (umehluko omkhulu wengcindezi), ukunqanyulwa kwengcindezi ephansi (umehluko omncane wengcindezi), umsindo ophansi, i-cavitation kanye ne-vaporization, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo, noma izinga lokushisa eliphansi (cryogenic). Izimboni eziningi zisebenzisa ubunjiniyela bokuhlinzeka ngamanzi kanye nokuhlanza indle, okuhlanganisa imboni yamandla, ukuncibilikisa uphethiloli, imboni ye-petrochemical, uwoyela wasolwandle, ukuthuthukiswa kwamadolobha, imboni yamakhemikhali, nokunye.
Umbandela wokukhetha:

(1) Izimfuneko zezakhiwo zoketshezi lwevalvu. Amavalvu esango akhethelwa ukusetshenziswa lapho kunokumelana nokugeleza okuncane, umthamo omkhulu wokugeleza, izici ezinhle kakhulu zokugeleza, kanye nezidingo zokuvala eziqinile.

(2) Isisetshenziswa esinomfutho ophezulu kanye nezinga lokushisa. njengezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, uwoyela onengcindezi ephezulu, nomusi womfutho ophezulu.

(3) I-cryogenic (izinga lokushisa eliphansi) medium. isibonelo i-hydrogen enguketshezi, umoya-mpilo owuketshezi, i-ammonia ewuketshezi, nezinye izinto.

(4) Ububanzi obuphezulu nokucindezela okuphansi. njengokuhlanzwa kwendle kanye nezinsiza zamanzi.

(5) Indawo yokufaka: Khetha i-valve yesango le-stem wedge efihliwe uma ubude bokufaka bubambekile; khetha i-valve yesango ye-stem wedge eveziwe uma ingekho.

(6) Ama-valve esango le-Wedge asebenza kuphela uma engavuleka noma avalwe ngokugcwele; azikwazi ukuguqulwa noma ukucindezelwa.

Amaphutha Avamile Nokulungiswa

izinkinga ze-valve yesango ezivamile kanye nezimbangela zazo

Lezi zinkinga ezilandelayo zivame ukuvela ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwe-valve yesango ngenxa yethonya lezinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo, ingcindezi, ukugqwala, nokunyakaza okuhlobene kwezingxenye ezihlukene zokuthintana.

(1) Ukuvuza: Ukuvuza kwangaphandle kanye nokuvuza kwangaphakathi yizigaba ezimbili. Ukuvuza kwangaphandle igama lokuvuza ngaphandle kwevalvu, futhi ukuvuza kwangaphandle kuvame ukubonwa emabhokisini okugxusha kanye noxhumo lwe-flange.

Indlala yokupakisha ikhululekile; i-surface ye-valve stem ikhishwe; uhlobo noma ikhwalithi yokugxusha awanelisi izindinganiso; ukugxusha kuyaguga noma isiqu se-valve sonakalisiwe.

Izinto ezilandelayo zingabangela ukuvuza ekuxhumekeni kwe-flange: impahla ye-gasket enganele noma usayizi; ikhwalithi yokucubungula i-flange ephansi yokuvala uphawu; amabhawodi okuxhumana aqiniswe ngokungafanele; ipayipi elimiswe ngokungafanele; nomthwalo owengeziwe owengeziwe owenziwe ekuxhumekeni.

Izimbangela zokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwevalvu zihlanganisa: Ukuvuza kwangaphakathi okubangelwa ukuvaleka kancane kwevalvu kudaleka umonakalo endaweni evalekayo yevalvu noma impande exegayo yeringi yokuvala.

(1) Umzimba we-valve, ibhonethi, isiqu se-valve, nendawo evalekayo ye-flange kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokugqwala. Isenzo sokukhishwa kwe-medium kanye ne-ion kusuka kuma-fillers nama-gaskets yizimbangela eziyinhloko zokugqwala.

(2) Ukuklwebheka: Ukuhwaya kwendawo noma ukuxebuka kwendawo okwenzeka lapho isihlalo sevalvu nesango zinyakaza ngokuhlobene ngenkathi zithintana.

Ukugcinwa kwe-valve yesango

(1) Ukulungisa ukuvuza kwevalvu yangaphandle

Ukuze uvimbele indlala ukuthi ingatsheki futhi ishiye igebe ukuze ihlangane, amabhawodi endlala kufanele alinganisele ngaphambi kokucindezela ukupakisha. Ukuvimbela ukuthikameza ukujikeleza kwesiqu se-valve, okwenza ukupakisha kuguge ngokushesha, futhi kufinyeze impilo yesevisi yokupakisha, isiqu se-valve kufanele sijikelezwe ngenkathi ucindezela ukupakisha ukwenza ukupakisha okuzungezile kufane futhi kuvimbele ukucindezela ekubeni kuqine kakhulu. . Ingxenye yesiqu se-valve iyaklwejwa, okwenza kube lula ukuthi i-medium iphume. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, isiqu se-valve kufanele sicutshungulwe ukuze kukhishwe imihuzuko ebusweni baso.

Uma i-gasket yonakalisiwe, kufanele ishintshwe. Uma impahla ye-gasket ikhethwe ngendlela engafanele, into engahlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa kufanele ikhethwe. Uma ikhwalithi yokucubungula yendawo yokuvala i-flange iphansi, indawo engaphezulu idinga ukususwa futhi ilungiswe. Kuze kube yilapho isifanelekile, indawo yokuvala i-flange iyacutshungulwa kabusha.

Ukwengeza, ukuqiniswa kwebhawudi ye-flange okwanele, ukwakhiwa kwamapayipi okufanele, nokugwema ingcindezi eyengeziwe ekuxhumekeni kwe-flange nakho kuyasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuvuza kokuxhumeka kwe-flange.

(2) Ukulungisa ukuvuza kwevalvu yangaphakathi

Uma indandatho yokuvala iboshelwe epuleti levalvu noma esihlalweni ngokucindezela noma ngokucupha, ukulungisa ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kuhlanganisa ukukhipha indawo yokuvala eyonakele kanye nempande exegayo yeringi yokuvala. Ayikho inkinga ngempande exekethile noma ukuvuza uma indawo yokuvala iphathwa ngokushesha emzimbeni wevalvu kanye nepuleti levalvu.

Uma indawo yokuvala icutshungulwa ngokuqondile emzimbeni we-valve futhi indawo yokuvala yonakaliswe kakhulu, indawo yokuvala eyonakele kufanele isuswe kuqala. Uma indawo yokuvala yakhiwe ngendandatho yokuvala, iringi endala kufanele ikhishwe futhi kunikezwe iringi entsha yokuvala. Indandatho entsha yokuvala kufanele isuswe, bese indawo esetshenziwe kufanele igaywe ibe indawo entsha yokuvala. Ukugaya kungasusa amaphutha endaweni evalekayo angaphansi kuka-0.05mm ngosayizi, okuhlanganisa imihuzuko, izigaxa, ukuchotshozwa, amazinyo, namanye amaphutha.

Umsuka wendandatho yokuvala ilapho ukuvuza kuqala khona. Itheyiphu ye-tetrafluoroethylene noma upende owugqinsi omhlophe kufanele kusetshenziswe esihlalweni sevalvu noma ngaphansi kwentunja eyindandatho yendandatho yokuvala uma ilungiswa ngokucindezela. Uma iringi yokuvala intambo, itheyiphu ye-PTFE noma upende owugqinsi omhlophe kufanele kusetshenziswe phakathi kwemicu ukumisa uketshezi ukuthi lungavuzi phakathi kwemicu.

(3) Ukulungisa ama-valve agqwalile

Isiqu se-valve sivamise ukugotshwa, kodwa umzimba we-valve nebhonethi ngokuvamile kugqwalile ngendlela efanayo. Imikhiqizo yokugqwala kufanele isuswe ngaphambi kokulungiswa. Uma isiqu se-valve sinemigodi yomgodi, kufanele sifakwe ngomshini ukuze kususwe ukudangala bese sigcwaliswa ngento ezodedela kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isigcwalisi kufanele sihlanzwe ngamanzi a-distilled ukuze kukhishwe noma yikuphi ukugcwalisa okungalimaza isiqu se-valve. ama-ion alimazayo.

(4) Ukuthinta ama-ding endaweni yokuvala

Zama ukugwema ukunwaya indawo yokuvala ngenkathi usebenzisa ivalvu, futhi qaphela ukuthi ungayivali ngetorque eningi. Ukugaya kungasusa imihuzuko endaweni yokuvala.

Ukuhlola ama-valve amasango amane

Amavalvu esango lensimbi enza ingxenye ebalulekile yemakethe kanye nezidingo zabasebenzisi namuhla. Kufanele ube nolwazi lokuhlola ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nomkhiqizo ngokwawo ukuze ube umhloli wekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ophumelelayo.

izinto zokuhlola i-valve yesango lensimbi

Izimpawu, ubukhulu bodonga obuncane, ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi, ukuhlolwa kwamagobolondo, njll. yizici ezibalulekile. Ubukhulu bodonga, ingcindezi, nokuhlolwa kwegobolondo kuphakathi kwakho futhi kuyizinto ezibalulekile zokuhlola. Imikhiqizo engafanelekile ingahlolwa ngokuphelele uma kukhona izinto ezingafanelekile.

Ngamafuphi, akusho ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo kuyisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu sokuhlolwa okuphelele komkhiqizo. Kuphela ngokuba nokuqonda okuphelele kwezinto ezihloliwe singakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi ongcono wokuhlola. Njengabasebenzi abaphambili abahlolayo, kubalulekile ukuthi siqhubeke sithuthukisa ikhwalithi yethu.