Ivalvu yokumisa isetshenziswa kakhulu ukulawula nokumisa uketshezi olugeleza ngepayipi. Ihlukile kumavalvu afana nalawaamavalvu ebholakanye nama-valve esango ngoba aklanyelwe ngqo ukulawula ukugeleza koketshezi futhi awagcini nje ngezinsizakalo zokuvala. Isizathu sokuthi i-valve yokuma iqanjwe kanjalo ukuthi umklamo omdala uveza umzimba othile oyindilinga futhi ungahlukaniswa ngama-hemispheres amabili, ahlukaniswe yi-equator, lapho ukugeleza kushintsha khona indlela. Izinto zangaphakathi zangempela zesihlalo sokuvala ngokuvamile aziyindilinga (isb., ama-valve ebhola) kodwa ngokuvamile anjenge-planar, hemispherical, noma i-plug shape. Ama-valve e-globe avimbela ukugeleza koketshezi kakhulu uma evulekile kunama-valve esango noma ebhola, okuholela ekwehleni kokucindezela okuphezulu kuwo. Ama-valve e-globe anezimo ezintathu zomzimba eziyinhloko, ezinye zazo ezisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukwehla kokucindezela nge-valve. Ukuze uthole ulwazi ngamanye ama-valve, sicela ubheke Umhlahlandlela wethu womthengi we-valve.

Umklamo wevalvu

I-valve yokumisa yakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko: umzimba we-valve nesihlalo, idiski nesiqu se-valve, ukupakisha kanye ne-bonnet. Lapho isebenza, zungezisa isiqu esinezintambo nge-handwheel noma i-valve actuator ukuze uphakamise idiski ye-valve esihlalweni se-valve. Indlela yoketshezi edlula ku-valve inomzila ofana no-Z ukuze uketshezi lukwazi ukuxhumana nekhanda lediski ye-valve. Lokhu kuhlukile kuma-valve esango lapho uketshezi luqonde khona esangweni. Lokhu kulungiselelwa ngezinye izikhathi kuchazwa njengomzimba we-valve ofana no-Z noma i-valve enomfanekiso ka-T. I-inlet kanye ne-outlet zihambisana.

Ezinye izilungiselelo zifaka ama-engeli namaphethini anomumo we-Y. Ku-valve yokuma kwe-angle, indawo yokukhipha ingu-90 ° ukusuka endaweni yokungenisa, futhi uketshezi lugeleza endleleni enomumo we-L. Ekulungiselelweni komzimba we-valve enomumo we-Y noma we-Y, isiqu se-valve singena emzimbeni we-valve ku-45 °, kuyilapho indawo yokungenisa kanye nendawo yokukhipha ihlala isemgqeni, kufana nakwimodi yezindlela ezintathu. Ukumelana kwephethini ye-angular ukugeleza kuncane kunokwephethini enomumo we-T, futhi ukumelana kwephethini enomumo we-Y kuncane. Ama-valve anezindlela ezintathu avame kakhulu kulezi zinhlobo ezintathu.

Idiski yokuvala ivame ukuncishiswa ukuze ilingane nesihlalo sevalvu, kodwa idiski eyisicaba nayo ingasetshenziswa. Uma ivalvu ivuliwe kancane, uketshezi lugeleza ngokulinganayo nxazonke kwediski, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kokuguguleka esihlalweni sevalvu kanye nediski. Ngakho-ke, ivalvu isebenza kahle lapho ukugeleza kuncishisiwe. Ngokuvamile, isiqondiso sokugeleza sibheke ohlangothini lwesiqu sevalvu sevalvu, kodwa endaweni eshisa kakhulu (umusi), lapho umzimba wevalvu uphola futhi uncipha, ukugeleza kuvame ukubuyela emuva ukuze kugcinwe idiski yevalvu ivalwe kahle. Ivalvu ingalungisa isiqondiso sokugeleza ukuze isebenzise ingcindezi ukusiza ukuvala (ukugeleza ngaphezu kwediski) noma ukuvula (ukugeleza ngaphansi kwediski), ngaleyo ndlela ivumele ivalvu ukuthi yehluleke ukuvala noma yehluleke ukuvula.

Idiski noma ipulaki yokuvala ivame ukuqondiswa phansi esihlalweni sevalvu ngekheji ukuqinisekisa ukuthintana okufanele, ikakhulukazi ekusetshenzisweni kokucindezela okuphezulu. Eminye imiklamo isebenzisa isihlalo sevalvu, futhi uphawu ohlangothini lwenduku yevalvu lokucindezela kwediski luhlala eduze kwesihlalo sevalvu ukuze kukhishwe ingcindezi ekupakishweni lapho ivalvu ivuliwe ngokugcwele.

Ngokomklamo wento yokuvala, ivalvu yokuma ingavulwa ngokushesha ngokujika okuningana kwesiqu sevalvu ukuze kuqalwe ngokushesha ukugeleza (noma ivalwe ukuze kumiswe ukugeleza), noma ivulwe kancane kancane ngokujika okuningana kwesiqu sevalvu ukuze kukhiqizwe ukugeleza okulawulwayo okwengeziwe ngevalvu. Nakuba amaplagi ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziswa njengezinto zokuvala, akufanele adidaniswe namavalvu eplagi, okuyizinto zokujika kwekota, ezifana namavalvu ebhola, asebenzisa amaplagi esikhundleni samabhola ukuze amise futhi aqale ukugeleza.

isicelo

Amavalvu okumisazisetshenziselwa ukuvala nokulawula izitshalo zokuhlanza amanzi amdaka, izitshalo zikagesi kanye nezitshalo zokucubungula. Zisetshenziswa kumapayipi omusi, izifunda zokupholisa, izinhlelo zokugcoba, njll., lapho ukulawula inani loketshezi oludlula kuma-valve kudlala indima ebalulekile.

Ukukhethwa kwezinto zomzimba we-globe valve kuvame ukuba yinsimbi ephothiwe noma ithusi/ithusi ekusetshenzisweni okuphansi kokucindezela, kanye nensimbi yekhabhoni eyenziwe noma insimbi engagqwali ekucindezelweni okuphezulu nasekushiseni. Izinto ezicacisiwe zomzimba we-valve zivame ukufaka zonke izingxenye zokucindezela, futhi "ukusika" kubhekisela ezingxenyeni ezingezona umzimba we-valve, kufaka phakathi isihlalo se-valve, idiski kanye nesiqu. Usayizi omkhulu unqunywa yikilasi lokucindezela lekilasi le-ASME, futhi amabhawodi ajwayelekile noma ama-flange okushisela aya-odiwe. Ukulinganisa ama-globe valve kudinga umzamo omkhulu kunokulinganisa ezinye izinhlobo zama-valve ngoba ukwehla kokucindezela kulo lonke i-valve kungaba yinkinga.

Ukwakheka kwesiqu esikhulayo yikona okuvame kakhuluamavalvu okumisa, kodwa ama-valve esiqu angavuki nawo angatholakala. Ibhonethi ivame ukuboshwa futhi ingasuswa kalula ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwangaphakathi kwevalvu. Isihlalo sevalvu nediski kulula ukukufaka esikhundleni.

Ama-valve okuma avame ukwenziwa ngokuzenzakalela kusetshenziswa i-pneumatic piston noma ama-diaphragm actuators, asebenza ngqo esiqwini se-valve ukuhambisa idiski endaweni yayo. I-piston/diaphragm ingancishiswa ukuvula noma ukuvala i-valve uma ilahlekelwa umfutho womoya. Kusetshenziswa ne-electric rotary actuator.