I-valve yokusiza ukuphepha, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-safety overflow valve, iyithuluzi lokukhulula ingcindezi ngokuzenzakalelayo eliqhutshwa yingcindezi ephakathi. Lingasetshenziswa njenge-safety valve kanye ne-relief valve kuye ngokuthi isetshenziswa kanjani.

Uma sithatha iJapan njengesibonelo, zimbalwa izincazelo ezicacile zama-valve okuphepha nama-valve okusiza. Ngokuvamile, amadivayisi okuphepha asetshenziselwa imikhumbi emikhulu yokugcina amandla njengama-boiler abizwa ngokuthi ama-valve okuphepha, kanti lawo afakwe kumapayipi noma kwezinye izikhungo abizwa ngokuthi ama-valve okusiza. Kodwa-ke, ngokwemibandela "yeZinga Lobuchwepheshe Lokukhiqiza Amandla Okushisa" zoMnyango Wezohwebo Nezimboni Zamazwe Ngamazwe waseJapan, izingxenye ezibalulekile zokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwemishini zichaza ukusetshenziswa kwama-valve okuphepha, njengama-boiler, ama-superheater, ama-reheater, njll. Ezimweni lapho uhlangothi olungezansi lwe-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi ludinga ukuxhunywa ku-boiler kanye ne-turbine, i-valve yokusiza noma i-valve yokuphepha idinga ukufakwa. Ngale ndlela, i-valve yokuphepha idinga ukuthembeka okukhulu kune-valve yokusiza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela emithethweni yokuphathwa kwegesi enomfutho ophezulu yoMnyango Wezabasebenzi waseJapan, imithetho yoMnyango Wezokuthutha kanye nezinhlangano zemikhumbi kuzo zonke izigaba, ukuhlonza kanye nemithethonqubo yomthamo wokukhipha ophephile, sibiza ivalvu eqinisekisa umthamo wokukhipha ngokuthi ivalvu yokuphepha, kanye nevalvu engaqinisekisi umthamo wokukhipha ngokuthi ivalvu yokusiza. EShayina, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ivuliwe ngokuphelele noma ivuliwe kancane, ibizwa ngokuthi ivalvu yokuphepha.

1. Ukubuka konke

Amavalvu okuphepha ayizesekeli zokuphepha ezibalulekile zama-boiler, imikhumbi yokucindezela kanye neminye imishini yokucindezela. Ukuthembeka kokusebenza kwawo kanye nekhwalithi yokusebenza kwawo kuhlobene ngqo nokuphepha kwemishini nabasebenzi, futhi kuhlobene kakhulu nokulondolozwa kwamandla kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo. Kodwa-ke, abanye abasebenzisi kanye neminyango yokuklama bahlala bekhetha imodeli engalungile lapho bekhetha. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, lesi sihloko sihlaziya ukukhethwa kwamavalvu okuphepha.

2. Incazelo

Ama-valve okuphepha abizwa ngokuthi ama-valve okusiza ngokuvamile afaka ama-valve okusiza. Kusukela emithethweni yokuphatha, ama-valve afakwe ngqo kuma-boiler omusi noma uhlobo lwemikhumbi yokucindezela kumele avunyelwe umnyango wokuqapha wezobuchwepheshe. Ngomqondo omncane, abizwa ngokuthi ama-valve okuphepha, kanti amanye ngokuvamile abizwa ngokuthi ama-valve okusiza. Ama-valve okuphepha nama-valve okusiza afana kakhulu ngesakhiwo nokusebenza. Womabili akhipha ngokuzenzakalelayo i-internal medium lapho ingcindezi yokuvula idlula ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwemishini yokukhiqiza. Ngenxa yalokhu kufana okubalulekile, abantu bavame ukudida lokhu okubili lapho bewasebenzisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminye imishini yokukhiqiza ibeka nokuthi noma yiluphi uhlobo lungakhethwa emithethweni. Ngakho-ke, umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili uvame ukunganakwa. Ngenxa yalokho, kuvela izinkinga eziningi. Uma sifuna ukunikeza incazelo ecacile yalokhu okubili, singakuqonda ngokwencazelo engxenyeni yokuqala ye-ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:

(1)I-valve yokuphepha, idivayisi yokukhulula ingcindezi ngokuzenzakalelayo eqhutshwa yingcindezi engaguquki ye-medium ephambi kwevalvu. Ibonakala ngesenzo sokuvula esigcwele esinokuvulwa okungazelelwe. Isetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni kwegesi noma umusi.

(2)I-valve yokusiza, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-overflow valve, iyithuluzi lokukhulula ingcindezi ngokuzenzakalelayo eliqhutshwa yingcindezi engaguquki ye-medium ephambi kwe-valve. Ivula ngokulingana nokwanda kwengcindezi edlula amandla okuvula. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni koketshezi.