1 Amaphuzu abalulekile okukhethwa kwevalvu

1.1 Cacisa inhloso yevalvu emshinini noma ocingweni

Ukunquma izimo zokusebenza ze-valve: uhlobo lwendawo esebenzayo, ingcindezi yokusebenza, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza nezindlela zokulawula ukusebenza, njll.;

1.2 Ukukhetha kahle uhlobo lwevalvu

Imfuneko yokukhethwa okulungile kohlobo lwe-valve ukuthi umklami uyiqonda ngokugcwele yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza nezimo zokusebenza. Lapho abaklami bekhetha izinhlobo zamavalvu, kufanele baqale baqonde izici zesakhiwo nokusebenza kwevalvu ngayinye;

1.3 Nquma indlela yokunqanyulwa kwevalvu

Phakathi koxhumano oluluchungechunge, ukuxhumana kwe-flange, nokuxhumana kokugcina okushiselwe, okubili kokuqala yizona ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.Ama-valve anemicuikakhulukazi ama-valve anobubanzi obuncane obungaphansi kwama-50mm. Uma ububanzi bukhulu kakhulu, kuyoba nzima kakhulu ukufaka nokuvala uxhumano. Ama-valve oxhumano lwe-Flange kulula ukuwafaka nokuwahlakaza, kodwa makhulu futhi abiza kakhulu kunama-valve anentambo, ngakho afaneleka ukuxhumeka kwamapayipi amadayimitha ahlukahlukene wamapayipi nezingcindezi. Izixhumanisi ezishiselwe zifanele izimo zomthwalo osindayo futhi zithembeke kakhulu kunoxhumo lwe-flange. Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukuhlukanisa nokufaka kabusha ama-valve ashiselwe, ngakho ukusetshenziswa kwawo kunqunyelwe ezimweni lapho ngokuvamile angasebenza khona ngokwethembeka isikhathi eside, noma lapho izimo zokusebenza zinzima futhi izinga lokushisa liphezulu;

1.4 Ukukhethwa kwempahla yevalvu

Lapho ukhetha izinto zokwakha izindlu ze-valve, izingxenye zangaphakathi kanye nezindawo zokuvala uphawu, ngaphezu kokucabangela izakhiwo ezibonakalayo (izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi) kanye nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali (ukugqwala) kwendawo yokusebenza, ukuhlanzeka kwendawo (ukuba khona noma ukungabi khona kwezinhlayiya eziqinile) kufanele kucatshangelwe futhi kufanele kucatshangelwe. Ukwengeza, kufanele futhi ubhekisele emithethweni efanele yezwe kanye nomnyango wabasebenzisi. Ukukhethwa okulungile nokunengqondo kwezinto ze-valve kungaqinisekisa impilo yesevisi eyonga kakhulu kanye nokusebenza okungcono kakhulu kwe-valve. Ukulandelana kokukhethwa kwempahla yomzimba we-valve yile: insimbi engagqwali ye-iron-carbon steel-stainless, kanye nokulandelana kokukhetha impahla yendandatho yokuvala ithi: irabha-yethusi-alloy steel-F4;

1.5 Abanye

Ukwengeza, izinga lokugeleza kanye nezinga lokucindezela koketshezi olugeleza ku-valve kufanele kunqunywe futhi i-valve efanele ikhethwe kusetshenziswa ulwazi olutholakalayo (njengamakhathalogi omkhiqizo we-valve, amasampula omkhiqizo we-valve, njll.).

2 Isingeniso kumavalvu asetshenziswa kakhulu

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-valve, okuhlanganisa ama-valve esango, ama-valve embulunga, ama-throttle valves, ama-butterfly valves, amapulaki ama-valve, ama-valve ebhola, ama-valve kagesi, ama-diaphragm valve, ama-valve okuhlola, ama-valve okuphepha, ama-valve okunciphisa ukucindezela, izicupho kanye nama-valve okuvala okuphuthumayo, phakathi kwazo okuvame ukusetshenziswa Kukhona ama-valve esango, ama-valve e-globe, ama-valve ebhotela, ama-valve, ama-valve okuhlola, ama-diaphragm valve, njll

2.1I-valve yesango

Ivalvu yesango isho ivalvu umzimba wayo wokuvula nokuvala (i-valve plate) ishayelwa isiqu se-valve futhi yehla inyuka ihambisana nendawo yokuvala yesihlalo sevalvu ukuze ixhume noma inqamule uketshezi lwamanzi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-stop valves, ama-valve esango anokusebenza kangcono kokuvala, ukumelana noketshezi oluncane, umzamo omncane wokuvula nokuvala, futhi abe nokusebenza okuthile kokulungisa. Zingamanye ama-stop valves asetshenziswa kakhulu. Okubi ukuthi inkulu ngobukhulu futhi iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngesakhiwo kune-valve yokumisa. Indawo yokubeka uphawu kulula ukuyigqoka futhi kunzima ukuyinakekela, ngakho ngokuvamile ayifaneleki ukunyakazisa. Ngokwesimo sentambo esiqwini se-valve ye-valve yesango, ihlukaniswe yaba izigaba ezimbili: uhlobo lwe-stem evulekile kanye nohlobo lwe-stem olufihliwe. Ngokwezici zesakhiwo sesango, lingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: uhlobo lwe-wedge kanye nohlobo oluhambisanayo.

2.2I-valve yokumisa

I-valve ye-globe iyi-valve evala iye phansi. Izingxenye zokuvula nezokuvala (ama-valve discs) aqhutshwa isiqu se-valve ukuze siye phezulu naphansi eduze kwe-eksisi yesihlalo se-valve (indawo yokuvala). Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-valve esango, anokusebenza okuhle kokulawula, ukusebenza kabi kokuvalwa, isakhiwo esilula, ukukhiqiza nokugcinwa okulula, ukumelana noketshezi olukhulu, kanye nentengo eshibhile. Kuyivalvu yokumisa evame ukusetshenziswa, evame ukusetshenziswa kumapayipi aphakathi nendawo namancane.

2.3 I-valve yebhola

Ingxenye yokuvula neyokuvala ye-valve yebhola iyibhola elinendilinga ngokusebenzisa imbobo. Ibhola lizungeza nesiqu se-valve ukuvula nokuvala i-valve. I-valve yebhola inesakhiwo esilula, ukuvulwa okusheshayo nokuvala, ukusebenza okulula, usayizi omncane, isisindo esilula, izingxenye ezimbalwa, ukumelana noketshezi oluncane, ukufakwa uphawu okuhle nokugcinwa kalula.