Isebenza kanjani i-valve yokukhipha umoya

Ithiyori engemuva kwevalvu yokukhipha umoya iwumphumela wokunyakazisa koketshezi ebholeni elintantayo. Ibhola elintantayo lizontanta liye phezulu ngokwemvelo ngaphansi kokunyakaza koketshezi njengoba ileveli yoketshezi yevalvu yokukhipha umoya ikhuphuka ize ithinte indawo yokuvala yembobo yokukhipha umoya. Ukucindezela okuqinile kuzodala ukuthi ibhola livale lodwa. Ibhola izokwehla kanye ezingeni liquid laphoi-valveizinga le-liquid liyancipha. Kuleli qophelo, imbobo yokukhipha umoya izosetshenziselwa ukujova inani elikhulu lomoya epayipini. Imbobo ye-exhaust ivula ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ivale ngenxa ye-inertia.

Ibhola elintantayo lima ngaphansi kwesitsha sebhola lapho ipayipi lisebenza ukukhipha umoya omningi. Lapho nje umoya osepayipini uphela, uketshezi lugijimela ku-valve, lugeleze esitsheni sebhola elintantayo, bese liphushela ibhola elintantayo emuva, lilenze ukuthi lintante futhi livaleke. Uma inani elincane legesi ligxilwe ku-i-valvengokwezinga elithile ngenkathi ipayipi lisebenza ngokujwayelekile, izinga loketshezi kui-valveizokwehla, i-float nayo izokwehla, futhi igesi izoxoshwa ngaphandle komgodi omncane. Uma iphampu ima, ukucindezela okungalungile kuzokhiqizwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, futhi ibhola elintantayo lizokwehla nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, futhi inani elikhulu lokudonsa lizokwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwepayipi. Lapho i-buoy isiphelile, amandla adonsela phansi abangela ukuba idonsele umkhawulo owodwa we-lever phansi. Kuleli qophelo, i-lever iyatsheka, futhi kwakheka igebe endaweni lapho i-lever kanye nembobo yokuphuma kuhlangana khona. Ngalesi sikhala, umoya uyakhishwa embobeni yokukhipha umoya. ukukhishwa kubangela ukuthi izinga le-liquid likhuphuke, ukuphakama kwe-float kukhuphuke, indawo yokugcina uphawu ku-lever kancane kancane icindezela imbobo yokukhipha umoya kuze kube yilapho ivinjelwa ngokuphelele, futhi kuleli phuzu i-valve yokukhipha igesi ivalwe ngokugcwele.

Ukubaluleka kwama-valve okukhipha umoya

Lapho i-buoy isiphelile, amandla adonsela phansi abangela ukuba idonsele umkhawulo owodwa we-lever phansi. Kuleli qophelo, i-lever iyatsheka, futhi kwakheka igebe endaweni lapho i-lever kanye nembobo yokuphuma kuhlangana khona. Ngalesi sikhala, umoya uyakhishwa embobeni yokukhipha umoya. ukukhishwa kubangela ukuthi izinga le-liquid likhuphuke, ukuphakama kwe-float kukhuphuke, indawo yokugcina uphawu ku-lever kancane kancane icindezela imbobo yokukhipha umoya kuze kube yilapho ivinjelwa ngokuphelele, futhi kuleli phuzu i-valve yokukhipha igesi ivalwe ngokugcwele.

1. Ukuphehlwa kwegesi kuxhaxha lwamapayipi okuhambisa amanzi kubangelwa kakhulu yizimo ezinhlanu ezilandelayo. Lona umthombo wegesi kunethiwekhi yamapayipi okusebenza evamile.

(1) Inethiwekhi yamapayipi inqanyuliwe kwezinye izindawo noma ngokuphelele ngesizathu esithile;

(2) ukulungisa nokukhipha izingxenye ezithile zamapayipi ngokushesha;

(3) Ivalvu yokukhipha umoya kanye nepayipi akuqinile ngokwanele ukuvumela ukujova kwegesi ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokugeleza komsebenzisi oyedwa noma ngaphezulu lishintshwa ngokushesha ukuze kudale ukucindezela okungekuhle epayipini;

(4) Ukuvuza kwegesi okungangeni;

(5) Igesi ekhiqizwa ukucindezela okungalungile kokusebenza ikhishwa epayipini lokudonsa lephampu yamanzi kanye ne-impeller.

2. Izici zokunyakaza kanye nokuhlaziywa kwengozi yesikhwama somoya senethiwekhi yamapayipi okuhambisa amanzi:

Indlela eyinhloko yokugcina igesi epayipini ukugeleza kwe-slug, okubhekisela kugesi ekhona phezulu kwepayipi njengamaphakethe omoya amaningi azimele angapheli. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ububanzi bepayipi lenethiwekhi yokuphakela amanzi liyahlukahluka ukusuka kokukhulu kuye kwabancane ngasendleleni yokugeleza kwamanzi okuyinhloko. Okuqukethwe kwegesi, ububanzi bepayipi, izici zesigaba sepayipi longitudinal, nezinye izici zinquma ubude besikhwama somoya kanye nendawo ephambanayo yamanzi okuthathiwe. Ucwaningo lwethiyori kanye nokusebenza okungokoqobo kukhombisa ukuthi ama-airbag ahamba nokugeleza kwamanzi ngaphezulu kwepayipi, avame ukunqwabelana eduze nokugoba kwamapayipi, amavalvu, nezinye izici ezinobubanzi obuhlukahlukene, futhi akhiqize ukuzungeza kwengcindezi.

Ubunzima bokushintsha kwesivinini sokugeleza kwamanzi buyoba nomthelela omkhulu ekukhuphukeni kwengcindezi okulethwa ukunyakaza kwegesi ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokungaqiniseki ngesivinini sokugeleza kwamanzi kanye nokuqondisa kunethiwekhi yamapayipi. Ukuhlola okufanelekile kubonise ukuthi ingcindezi yayo ingakhuphuka ifike ku-2Mpa, okwanele ukuphula amapayipi ajwayelekile okunikezwa kwamanzi. Kubalulekile futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuhluka kwengcindezi kuyo yonke ibhodi kuthinta ukuthi mangaki ama-airbag ahambayo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi kunethiwekhi yamapayipi. Lokhu kwenza izinguquko zengcindezi zibe zimbi kakhulu ekugelezeni kwamanzi agcwele igesi, okwandisa amathuba okuqhuma kwamapayipi.

Okuqukethwe kwegesi, ukwakheka kwamapayipi, nokusebenza konke kuyizici ezithinta izingozi zegesi kumapayipi. Kunezigaba ezimbili zezingozi: ezicacile nezifihliwe, futhi zombili zinezici ezilandelayo:

Okulandelayo ngokuyinhloko izingozi ezicacile

(1) Ukukhipha umoya oqinile kwenza kube nzima ukudlula amanzi
Lapho amanzi negesi ku-interphase, ichweba elikhulu le-exhaust valve yohlobo lwe-float exhaust valve lenza cishe akukho msebenzi futhi lithembela kuphela ekukhishweni kwe-micropore, okubangela “ukuvinjwa komoya” okukhulu, lapho umoya ungadedelwa khona, ukugeleza kwamanzi abushelelezi, futhi umzila wokugeleza kwamanzi uvinjelwe. Indawo ephambanayo iyashwabana noma iyanyamalala, ukugeleza kwamanzi kuyaphazamiseka, amandla esistimu okujikeleza uketshezi ayehla, isivinini sokugeleza kwendawo siyakhuphuka, futhi ukulahlekelwa kwekhanda lamanzi kuyenyuka. Iphampu yamanzi idinga ukunwetshwa, okuzobiza kakhulu mayelana namandla kanye nokuhamba, ukuze kugcinwe umthamo wokuqala wokujikeleza noma ikhanda lamanzi.

(2) Ngenxa yokugeleza kwamanzi kanye nokuqhuma kwamapayipi okubangelwa ukukhishwa komoya okungalingani, uhlelo lokuphakela amanzi alukwazi ukusebenza kahle.
Ngenxa yomthamo wevalvu yokukhipha umoya wokukhulula inani elincane legesi, amapayipi avame ukuphuka. Umfutho wokuqhuma kwegesi olethwa i-subpar exhaust ungafinyelela kuma-atmospheres angama-20 kuye kwangama-40, futhi amandla awo abhubhisayo alingana nokucindezela okumile kwama-atmospheres angama-40 kuya kwangu-40, ngokuya ngezilinganiso zethiyori ezifanele. Noma yiliphi ipayipi elisetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi lingacekelwa phansi ukucindezela kwe-atmosphere engu-80. Ngisho nensimbi eyi-ductile eqinile esetshenziswa ebunjiniyela ingalimala. Ukuqhuma kwamapayipi kwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi. Izibonelo zalokhu zihlanganisa ipayipi lamanzi elingu-91 km ubude edolobheni eliseNyakatho-mpumalanga ye-China eliqhume ngemva kweminyaka embalwa lisetshenziswa. Kuqhume amapayipi afinyelela kwangu-108, futhi ososayensi baseShenyang Institute of Construction and Engineering banquma ngemva kokuhlola ukuthi ukuqhuma kwegesi. Amamitha angu-860 kuphela ubude futhi anobubanzi bepayipi obungamamilimitha angu-1200, ipayipi lamanzi ledolobha eliseningizimu liqhume izikhathi eziyisithupha onyakeni owodwa lisebenza. Isiphetho kwaba ukuthi i-exhaust gas yayinecala. Ukuqhuma komoya kuphela okulethwa ukukhishwa kwepayipi lamanzi elibuthakathaka kusuka kumthamo omkhulu wokukhipha kungabangela ukulimala ku-valve. Inkinga eyinhloko yokuqhuma kwamapayipi ekugcineni ixazululwa ngokufaka esikhundleni se-exhaust nge-valve yokukhipha isivinini esinamandla esingaqinisekisa inani elikhulu lokukhipha umoya.

3) Isivinini sokugeleza kwamanzi kanye nomfutho oguquguqukayo epayipini ushintsha njalo, imingcele yesistimu ayizinzile, futhi ukudlidliza okubalulekile nomsindo kungase kuphakame ngenxa yokukhululwa okuqhubekayo komoya oncibilikisiwe emanzini kanye nokwakhiwa okuqhubekayo nokunwetshwa komoya. amaphakethe.

(4) Ukugqwala kwendawo yensimbi kuzosheshiswa ngokuchayeka emoyeni nasemanzini.

(5) Ipayipi libanga imisindo engemnandi.

Izingozi ezifihliwe ezibangelwa ukugingqika okungalungile

1 Ukulawulwa kokugeleza okungalungile, ukulawulwa okuzenzakalelayo okuzenzakalelayo kwamapayipi, nokwehluleka kwezisetshenziswa zokuvikela ukuphepha konke kungabangelwa ukumomotheka okungalingani;

2 Kukhona okunye ukuvuza kwamapayipi;

3 Isibalo sokuhluleka kwamapayipi siyakhula, futhi ukushaqeka kwengcindezi okuqhubekayo kwesikhathi eside konakala amapayipi nezindonga, okuholela ezinkingeni ezihlanganisa ukufinyezwa kwezimpilo zesevisi kanye nokukhuphuka kwezindleko zokuwalungisa;

Uphenyo oluningi lwethiyori kanye nokusebenza okumbalwa okusebenzayo kubonise ukuthi kulula kangakanani ukulimaza ipayipi lokuphakelwa kwamanzi elinengcindezi uma lihlanganisa igesi eningi.

Ibhuloho lesando samanzi liyinto eyingozi kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kuzokhawulela ukuphila kokusebenziseka kodonga, kulwenze lube bushelelezi, kukhuphule ukulahleka kwamanzi, futhi kubangele ukuthi ipayipi liqhume. Ukuphuma kwamapayipi kuyimbangela eyinhloko edala ukuvuza kwamapayipi okuhambisa amanzi emadolobheni, ngakho-ke ukulungisa le nkinga kubalulekile. Kuwukukhetha ivalvu yokukhipha umoya engaphela kanye nokugcina igesi epayipini lokukhipha umoya elingaphansi. Ivalvu yokukhipha isivinini esiphezulu eguquguqukayo manje yanelisa izidingo.

Amabhola, izifudumezi-moya, amapayipi kawoyela negesi, amapayipi okuphakela amanzi nawokukhipha amanzi, kanye nokuthuthwa kodaka olude olude konke kudinga i-valve yokukhipha umoya, okuyingxenye ebalulekile yokusiza ohlelweni lwamapayipi. Ivamise ukufakwa ezindaweni eziphakeme noma ezindololwaneni ukuze kusule ipayipi legesi eyengeziwe, kukhuphule ukusebenza kahle kwamapayipi, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-valve okukhipha umoya

Inani lomoya oncibilikisiwe emanzini ngokuvamile licishe libe ngu-2VOL%. Umoya ukhishwa ngokuqhubekayo emanzini phakathi nenqubo yokulethwa futhi uqoqa endaweni ephakeme kakhulu yepayipi ukuze kwakhiwe iphakethe lomoya (AIR POCKET), elisetshenziselwa ukulethwa. Amandla ohlelo lokuthutha amanzi angehla cishe ngo-5-15% njengoba amanzi eba inselele kakhulu. Injongo eyinhloko yale valve yokukhipha umoya iwukuqeda umoya oncibilikisiwe ongu-2VOL%, futhi ingafakwa ezakhiweni eziphakeme kakhulu, amapayipi okukhiqiza, kanye neziteshi zokumpompa ezincane ukuze kuvikelwe noma kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokulethwa kwamanzi kwesistimu nokongiwa kwamandla.

Umzimba wevalvu eyisiyingi weleva eyodwa (ISIMPLE LEVER TYPE) ivalvu yokukhipha umoya encane iyaqhathaniswa. I-diameter yembobo yokukhipha umoya evamile isetshenziswa ngaphakathi, futhi izingxenye zangaphakathi, ezihlanganisa i-float, i-lever, i-lever frame, isihlalo se-valve, njll., zonke zakhiwe ngensimbi engagqwali engu-304S.S futhi zifanele izimo zengcindezi yokusebenza kuze kufike ku-PN25.