UKUSETSHENZISWA KWEVAVULI

Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zesistimu yokuqoqwa kwamanzi eklanywe kahle, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamavalvu. Alawula lapho izinhlobo ezahlukene zamanzi zingaya khona nalapho zingenakuya khona. Izinto zokwakha ziyahlukahluka ngokwemithetho yendawo, kodwa i-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), insimbi engagqwali, kanye nethusi/ithusi yizona ezivame kakhulu.

Nokho, kunezimo ezihlukile. Amaphrojekthi aqokelwe ukuhlangabezana "neNselele Yokwakha Okuphilayo" adinga amazinga aqinile okwakha okuluhlaza futhi avimbela ukusetshenziswa kwe-PVC nezinye izinto ezibhekwa njengeziyingozi emvelweni ngenxa yezinqubo zokukhiqiza noma izindlela zokulahla.

Ngaphezu kwezinto zokwakha, kunezinketho zokuklama kanye nohlobo lwevalvu. Okunye kwalesi sihloko kubheka imiklamo evamile yesistimu yokuqoqwa kwamanzi emvula kanye namanzi ampunga kanye nendlela yokusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamavalvu kumklamo ngamunye.

Ngokuvamile, indlela amanzi aqoqiwe azosetshenziswa ngayo kabusha kanye nendlela amakhodi okufaka amanzi endawo asetshenziswa ngayo kuzothinta uhlobo lwevalvu esetshenziswayo. Elinye iqiniso elicatshangelwayo ukuthi inani lamanzi atholakalayo okuqoqwa lingase linganeli ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenzisa kabusha eziyi-100%. Kulesi simo, amanzi asekhaya (amanzi okuphuza) angafakwa ohlelweni ukuze kulungiswe ukuntuleka kwawo.

Ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwezikhungo zokulawula impilo yomphakathi kanye namapayipi ukuhlukanisa imithombo yamanzi yasekhaya ekuxhumeni kwamanzi aqoqiwe kanye nokungcola okungenzeka kwemithombo yamanzi okuphuza yasekhaya.

UKUGCINWA/UKUHLANZEKA KWENDLEBE

Ithangi lamanzi lansuku zonke lingasetshenziswa ukuhlanza izindlu zangasese kanye nezitsha zokubulala amagciwane ukuze kusetshenziswe ezinye izindlela zokupholisa imibhoshongo. Ezinhlelweni zokunisela, kuvamile ukupompa amanzi ngqo kusuka edamini ukuze aphinde asetshenziswe. Kulesi simo, amanzi angena ngqo esinyathelweni sokugcina sokuhlunga kanye nesokuhlanza ngaphambi kokushiya izifafazi zesistimu yokunisela.

Ama-valve ebhola avame ukusetshenziselwa ukuqoqa amanzi ngoba angavuleka futhi avaleke ngokushesha, abe nokusatshalaliswa kokugeleza okugcwele kanye nokulahlekelwa umfutho ophansi. Umklamo omuhle uvumela imishini ukuthi ihlukaniswe ukuze ilungiswe ngaphandle kokuphazamisa lonke uhlelo. Isibonelo, umkhuba ovamile ukusebenzisaamavalvu ebholakuma-nozzles ethangi ukulungisa imishini engezansi ngaphandle kokuchitha ithangi. Iphampu inevalvu yokuhlukanisa, evumela iphampu ukuthi ilungiswe ngaphandle kokukhipha amanzi kulo lonke iphayiphi. Ivalvu yokuvimbela ukugeleza kwamanzi emuva (ivalvu yokuhlola) isetshenziswa futhi enqubweni yokuzihlukanisa (Isithombe 3).

UKUVIMBELA UKUNGCOLEKA/UKWELASHWA

Ukuvimbela ukugeleza kwamanzi emuva kuyingxenye ebalulekile yanoma yiluphi uhlelo lokuqoqwa kwamanzi. Amavalvu okuhlola ayisiyingi avame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukugeleza kwamanzi emuva lapho iphampu ivaliwe futhi ingcindezi yesistimu ilahlekile. Amavalvu okuhlola nawo asetshenziselwa ukuvimbela amanzi asekhaya noma amanzi aqoqiwe ukuthi ageleze emuva, okungabangela ukuthi amanzi angcoliswe noma angene lapho kungekho muntu owafunayo.

Uma iphampu yokulinganisa ifaka amakhemikhali edayi e-chlorine noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emgqeni ocindezelwe, kusetshenziswa ivalvu encane yokuhlola ebizwa ngokuthi ivalvu yokujova.

I-wafer noma i-disc check valve enkulu isetshenziswa kanye nohlelo lokuchichima ethangini lokugcina amanzi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugeleza kwamanzi emuva kwendle kanye nokungena kwamagundane ohlelweni lokuqoqwa kwamanzi.

17 amanzi aphelele fig5 Amavalvu ebhabhathane asebenza ngesandla noma ngogesi asetshenziswa njengamavalvu okuvala amapayipi amakhulu (Isithombe 5). Ekusetshenzisweni komhlaba, amavalvu ebhabhathane asebenza ngesandla, asebenza ngegiya asetshenziswa ukuvala ukugeleza kwamanzi ethangini lamanzi, elivame ukubamba amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamalitha amanzi, ukuze ipompo emthonjeni omanzi ilungiswe ngokuphephile nangokulula. Ukwelulwa kweshaft kuvumela ukulawulwa kwamavalvu ngaphansi komthambeka kusukela ezingeni lomthambeka.

Abanye abaklami basebenzisa amavalvu ebhabhathane afana ne-lug, angasusa amapayipi angaphansi komfula, ukuze ivalvu ibe yivalvu evaliwe. Lawa mavalvu ebhabhathane e-lug aboshwe kuma-flange ahambisanayo ezinhlangothini zombili zevalvu. (Ivalvu yebhabhathane ye-Wafer ayivumeli lo msebenzi). Qaphela ukuthi kuMfanekiso 5, ivalvu kanye nokwelulwa kutholakala emthonjeni omanzi, ngakho ivalvu ingalungiswa ngaphandle kwebhokisi levalvu.

Uma izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisezingeni eliphansi ezifana nokugeleza kwethangi lamanzi kudingeka zishayele ivalvu, ivalvu kagesi ayiyona inketho ewusizo ngoba i-actuator kagesi ivame ukwehluleka lapho kukhona amanzi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amavalvu omoya avame ukukhishwa ngenxa yokuntuleka kokunikezwa komoya ocindezelwe. Amavalvu aqhutshwa yi-hydraulic (hydraulic) ngokuvamile ayisixazululo. I-solenoid yomshayeli kagesi ebekwe ngokuphephile eduze kwephaneli yokulawula ingaletha amanzi acindezelwe ku-actuator ye-hydraulic evame ukuvalwa, engavula noma ivale ivalvu ngisho nalapho i-actuator icwiliswe emanzini. Kuma-actuator e-hydraulic, akukho ngozi yokuthi amanzi athintane ne-actuator, njengoba kunjalo ngama-actuator kagesi.

Ekuphetheni
Izinhlelo zokusebenzisa kabusha amanzi endaweni azihlukile kwezinye izinhlelo okumele zilawule ukugeleza kwamanzi. Iningi lezimiso ezisebenza kuma-valve nakwezinye izinhlelo zokwelashwa kwamanzi ezisebenza ngomshini zisetshenziswa ngezindlela ezahlukene ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezihlukile zalo mkhakha osafufusa wemboni yamanzi. Noma kunjalo, njengoba ubizo lwezakhiwo ezihlala isikhathi eside lwanda nsuku zonke, lo mkhakha cishe uzobaluleka embonini yama-valve.