Njengengxenye yokulawula eyinhloko ohlelweni lokulethwa koketshezi, ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-valve kubalulekile ekuzinzeni nasekuphepheni kwalo lonke uhlelo. Okulandelayo amaphuzu anemininingwane okugcinwa kwansuku zonke kwe-valve:

Ukuhlolwa kokubukeka

1. Hlanza indawo ye-valve

Hlanza njalo ingaphandle levalvu ukuze ususe ukungcola okunjengothuli, uwoyela, ukugqwala, njll. Sebenzisa indwangu ehlanzekile, ethambile noma ibhulashi ukuze uhlanze. Ukuze uthole amabala anenkani, ungasebenzisa okokugeza okufanelekile, kodwa qaphela ukugwema ukugqwala kwempahla yevalvu yisihlanzi. Isibonelo, kuma-valve ensimbi engagqwali, ungasebenzisa okokuhlanza okune-alkali emnene;ama-valve anezindawo ezipendiwe, khetha okokuhlanza okungeke konakalise indawo kapende.

Hlanza i-nameplate yevalvu futhi uqinisekise ukuthi imininingwane ye-nameplate icacile futhi iyafundeka. I-nameplate iqukethe ulwazi olubalulekile olufana nemodeli ye-valve, ukucaciswa, isilinganiso sokucindezela, nosuku lokukhiqiza, okubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni okufana nokugcinwa kwama-valve, ukulungiswa, nokushintshwa.

2. Hlola ubuqotho bokubukeka kwe-valve

Hlola ngokucophelela ukuthi umzimba we-valve, ikhava ye-valve, i-flange nezinye izingxenye ze-valve zinemifantu, i-deformation noma izimpawu zokulimala. Imifantu ingabangela ukuvuza kwemidiya, futhi ukuwohloka kungase kuthinte ukusebenza okuvamile nokusebenza kokuvala kwevalvu. Kuma-valve ensimbi, kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile ukuze kubhekwe ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza okubangelwa ukukhubazeka kokuphonsa okufana nezimbobo zesihlabathi.

Hlola izingxenye zokuxhuma zevalvu, njengokuthi amabhawudi ekuxhumekeni kwe-flange akhululekile yini, ayawa noma agqwalile. Amabhawodi axegayo azothinta ukusebenza kokuvala kwe-flange futhi kufanele aqiniswe ngesikhathi; amabhawodi agqwalile angase adinge ukushintshwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwethembeka koxhumano. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlola ukuthi ama-gaskets ezingxenyeni zokuxhuma aphelele yini. Uma zonakalisiwe noma sezikhulile, kufanele zishintshwe ngesikhathi.

Qaphela ukuthi izingxenye ezisebenzayo zevalvu, njengesondo lesandla, isibambo noma i-actuator kagesi, zonakele, zikhubazekile noma zilahlekile. Lezi zingxenye ziyisihluthulelo sokulawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwe-valve. Uma yonakele, i-valve ingase ingasebenzi ngendlela evamile. Isibonelo, ukulimala kwesondo lesandla kungase kuvimbele opharetha ekulawuleni ngokunembile ukuvulwa kwe-valve.

Ukuhlolwa kokuvalwa kwe-valve

1. Ukuhlolwa kokuvuza kwangaphandle

Ngengxenye evala isiqu se-valve, hlola ukuthi kukhona ukuvuza okuphakathi nendawo. Inani elincane loketshezi lokubona ukuvuza (njengamanzi anensipho) lingasetshenziswa eduze kwesiqu se-valve ukubona ukuthi amabhamuza ayakhiqizwa yini. Uma kukhona amabhamuza, kusho ukuthi kukhona ukuvuza esiqwini se-valve stem, futhi kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqhutshekwe kubhekwe ukuthi ukupakishwa kokuvala noma uphawu konakele noma sekugugile. Ukupakisha noma uphawu kungase kudingeke ukuthi kushintshwe ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga yokuvuza.

Hlola ukuthi ingabe kukhona ukuvuza ekuxhumekeni kwe-flange ye-valve. Ungasebenzisa futhi umtshina ovuzayo ukuze ubone ukuthi akhona yini amabhamuza aphuma emaphethelweni e-flange. Ukuze uthole ama-flange avuzayo kancane, kungase kudingeke ukuthi uphinde uqinise amabhawodi noma ubuyisele i-gasket ukulungisa ukuvuza. Uma uvuza kakhulu, udinga ukuvala amavalvu akhuphuka nomfula kuqala, uthulule okuphakathi epayipini, bese uyalilungisa.

2. Ukuhlolwa kokuvuza kwangaphakathi

Kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukene ukuhlola ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kuye ngohlobo lwevalvu kanye nendawo yokusebenza. Kumavalvu okumisa kanye namavalvu esango, ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kungahlulelwa ngokuvala ivalvu bese kubhekwa ukuthi kukhona okuphakathi okugeleza phansi komfula. Isibonelo, ohlelweni lwamanzi, ungabheka ukuthi kukhona yini ukugeleza kwamanzi noma ukwehla komfutho epayipini elingezansi komfula; ohlelweni lwegesi, ungasebenzisa ithuluzi lokuthola igesi ukuze uthole ukuthi kukhona ukuvuza kwegesi ezansi nomfula.

Ngama-valve ebhola nama-butterfly valves, ungakwazi ukwahlulela kuqala ukuvuza kwangaphakathi ngokubheka ukuthi inkomba yendawo inembile yini ngemva kokuba i-valve ivaliwe. Uma inkomba yesikhundla ibonisa ukuthi i-valve ivaliwe ngokuphelele, kodwa kusekhona ukuvuza okuphakathi, kungase kube nenkinga ngophawu phakathi kwebhola noma ipuleti le-butterfly kanye nesihlalo se-valve. Kudingeka ukuqhubeka nokuhlola ukuthi indawo yokuvala isihlalo se-valve igugile, iklwetshiwe noma ixhunywe ngokungcola, futhi ugaye noma ubeke esikhundleni sesihlalo se-valve uma kunesidingo.

Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwe-valve

1. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwe-valve ngesandla

Sebenzisa i-valve ye-manual njalo ukuze uhlole ukuthi i-valve iyaguquguquka yini ukuze ivuleke futhi ivale. Lapho uvula futhi uvala i-valve, qaphela ukuthi amandla okusebenza afanayo nokuthi kukhona yini ukumelana okubambekile noma okungavamile. Uma ukusebenza kunzima, kungase kubangelwe ukungqubuzana okukhulu phakathi kwesiqu se-valve nokupakisha, into yangaphandle ebhajwe emzimbeni we-valve, noma ukulimala kwezingxenye ze-valve.

Hlola ukuthi inkomba yokuvula i-valve inembile yini. Kuma-valve anezinkomba zokuvula, njengama-valve okulawula, lapho usebenzisa i-valve, bheka ukuthi ukufundwa kwenkomba yokuvula kufana nokuvula kwangempela. Inkomba yokuvula engalungile ingase ithinte ukulawulwa kokugeleza kwesistimu, futhi inkomba idinga ukulinganiswa noma ukulungiswa.

Kuma-valve okwenziwa ngesandla asetshenziswa njalo, naka ukuguga kwesondo lesandla noma isibambo. Izingxenye zokusebenza eziguge kakhulu zingathinta umuzwa womsebenzisi futhi zibangele nokusebenza okungalawuleki. Amasondo ezandla aguge kakhulu noma izibambo kufanele zishintshwe ngesikhathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokunemba kokusebenza kwamavalvu.

2. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwe-valve kagesi

Hlola ukuthi ukuxhunywa kwamandla kwevalvu kagesi kujwayelekile yini nokuthi izintambo zonakalisiwe, zindala noma azixegi. Qinisekisa ukuthi ukudluliswa kwesignali yokulawula kwe-actuator kagesi kujwayelekile. Ungahlola ukuthi i-valve ingakwazi ukuvula ngokunembile, ukuvala noma ukulungisa idigri yokuvula ngokusho kwemiyalelo ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokulawula.

Bheka isenzo se-valve kagesi ngesikhathi sokusebenza, njengokuthi isivinini sokuvula nokuvala se-valve siyahlangabezana yini nezidingo, nokuthi kukhona ukudlidliza okungavamile noma umsindo. Ukudlidliza okungavamile noma umsindo kungase kubangelwe ukulimala kwezingxenye zangaphakathi ze-actuator kagesi, ukwehluleka kwesakhiwo somshini we-valve noma ukufakwa okungafanele. Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe nokugcinwa kwe-valve kagesi kuyadingeka, okuhlanganisa nokuhlola isimo sokusebenza sezingxenye ezifana nenjini, isinciphisi, nokuhlanganisa.

Hlola njalo futhi ulungise ukushintshwa komkhawulo wokuhamba wevalvu kagesi. Ukushintsha komkhawulo wokuhamba kuyithuluzi elibalulekile lokulawula indawo yokuvula nokuvala yevalvu. Uma ukushintshwa komkhawulo kwehluleka, kungase kubangele ukuthi ivalvu ivuleke noma ivaleke kakhulu, kulimaze ivalvu noma i-actuator kagesi. Ngokulingisa izenzo ezigcwele zokuvula nokuvala zevalvu, hlola ukuthi iswishi yomkhawulo inganqamula ngokunembile ukunikezwa kwamandla kwenjini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile kwevalvu.

Ukugcoba nokugcinwa

1. Ukuhlolwa kwephoyinti lokuthambisa

Thola amaphuzu okugcoba e-valve, ngokuvamile afaka isiqu se-valve, ama-bearings, amagiya nezinye izingxenye. Ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zama-valve, indawo kanye nenani lamaphuzu okugcoba kungase kuhluke. Isibonelo, amaphuzu amakhulu okugcoba ama-valve esango yizindawo zokuthintana phakathi kwesiqu se-valve nesango kanye nomzila wesitimela; ama-valve amabhola adinga ukugcoba amaphuzu okuthintana phakathi kwebhola nesihlalo sevalvu kanye nesiqu se-valve.

Hlola ukuthi ingabe ikhona yini into yokuthambisa eyanele endaweni yokugcoba. Uma i-lubricant inganele, ingabangela ukungqubuzana okukhulayo phakathi kwezingxenye, okuthinta ukusebenza kokusebenza kanye nempilo yesevisi ye-valve. Kwamanye amavalvu anezimbobo zokujova amafutha, ungahlulela ukuthi isigcobo endaweni yokuthambisa yanele yini ngokubheka imbobo yomjovo wamafutha noma ngokubheka ileveli yamafutha.

2. Khetha okokugcoba okufanele

Khetha i-lubricant efanele ngokuya ngendawo yokusebenza ye-valve kanye nempahla yezingxenye. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokushisa nezingcindezi, amafutha asuselwa ku-lithium iyi-lubricant esetshenziswa kakhulu enokugcoba okuhle nokumelana nokugqoka. Kuma-valve asezindaweni zokushisa okuphezulu, amafutha asekelwe ku-polyurea-based ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu noma amafutha e-perfluoropolyether angakhethwa; ezindaweni zokushisa eziphansi, amafutha e-ester ane-fluidity enhle yezinga lokushisa eliphansi ayadingeka.
Ezindaweni zokusebenza ezidla amakhemikhali, njengama-valve embonini yamakhemikhali, izinto zokugcoba ezinokumelana nokugqwala kufanele kukhethwe. Isibonelo, amafutha e-fluoro angamelana nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali afana nama-asidi aqinile nama-alkali, anikeze ukugcotshwa okusebenzayo nokuvikela amavalvu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhambisana kwamafutha anezivalo ze-valve nezinye izinto eziyingxenye kufanele futhi kucatshangelwe ukugwema ukulimala kwengxenye ngenxa yezakhiwo zamakhemikhali zamafutha.

3. Ukusebenza kokugcoba

Kumavalvu adinga ukugcotshwa, wagcobise ngendlela efanele kanye nomjikelezo. Kumavalvu okwenziwa ngesandla, ungasebenzisa isibhamu samafutha noma ibhodwe likawoyela ukuze ujove izinto zokugcoba ezindaweni zokuthambisa. Lapho ujova izithambisi, qaphela ukuthi ugweme umjovo oweqile ukuze uvimbele amafutha ekuchichimeni futhi angcolise indawo ezungezile noma aphazamise ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-valve. Ngama-valve kagesi, amanye ama-actuator kagesi anesistimu yawo yokugcoba, edinga ukuhlolwa nokugcoba njalo. Kuma-valve kagesi angenalo uhlelo lwawo lokugcoba, izindawo zokugcoba zangaphandle kufanele zigcotshwe ngesandla.

Ngemuva kokugcoba, sebenzisa i-valve izikhathi eziningana ukuze okokugcoba kusatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo ebusweni bezingxenye ukuze unikeze ukudlala okugcwele kumphumela wokugcoba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlanza i-lubricant echichima phakathi nenqubo yokugcoba ukuze ugcine indawo ezungezile i-valve ihlanzekile.

Ukuhlolwa kwezesekeli ze-valve

1. Ukuhlolwa kwesihlungi

Uma isihlungi sifakwe phezulu nomfula, hlola isihlungi njalo ukuze ubone ukuthi sivalekile yini. Ukuvala isihlungi kuzonciphisa ukugeleza kwamanzi futhi kwandise ukulahlekelwa kwengcindezi, okuthinta ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-valve. Ungahlulela ukuthi ivinjiwe yini ngokubuka umehluko wengcindezi kuzo zombili iziphetho zesihlungi. Uma umehluko wengcindezi udlula umkhawulo othile, isihlungi sidinga ukuhlanzwa noma isici sokuhlunga sidinga ukushintshwa.

Lapho uhlanza isihlungi, landela izinqubo zokusebenza ezifanele ukuze ugweme ukulimaza isikrini sokuhlunga noma ezinye izingxenye. Kwezinye izihlungi ezinembayo, kungase kudingeke ukuthi usebenzise izinto zokuhlanza ezikhethekile nama-ejenti okuhlanza. Ngemuva kokuhlanza, qiniseka ukuthi isihlungi sifakwe ngendlela efanele futhi sivalwe kahle.

2. Igeji yokucindezela kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-valve yokuphepha

Hlola ukuthi igeji yokucindezela eduze kwevalvu isebenza kahle yini. Bheka ukuthi isikhombisi segeji yokucindezela singakhombisa ngokunembile ingcindezi nokuthi ukudayela kucacile futhi kuyafundeka. Uma i-pointer yegeji yokucindezela igxuma, ingabuyeli ku-zero, noma ikhombisa ngokungalungile, kungenzeka ukuthi izingxenye zangaphakathi zegeji yokucindezela zonakalisiwe noma inzwa yokucindezela inephutha, futhi igeji yokucindezela idinga ukulinganiswa noma ukushintshwa.

Ngamasistimu anamavalvu okuphepha afakiwe, hlola ukuthi ingabe ivalvu yokuphepha isesimweni esijwayelekile njalo. Hlola ukuthi ingcindezi yokuvula i-valve yokuphepha ihlangabezana nezidingo nokuthi ingavulwa ngokunembile yini ekucindezelweni okumisiwe ukuze kukhululwe ukucindezela okukhulu. Ukusebenza kwe-valve yokuphepha kungabhekwa ngokuhlolwa okwenziwa ngesandla noma imishini yokuhlola yobungcweti. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlola ukusebenza kokuvala kwe-valve yokuphepha ukuze ugweme ukuvuza ngaphansi kwengcindezi evamile yokusebenza.

Ukugcinwa kwama-valve nsuku zonke kudinga ukucophelela nokubekezela. Ngokuhlola nokugcinwa njalo, izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ngama-valve zingatholakala futhi zixazululwe ngesikhathi, ukwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwama-valve nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile nokuzinzile kohlelo lokulethwa kwamanzi.