Njengengxenye ebalulekile yokulawula ohlelweni lokulethwa koketshezi, ukusebenza okuvamile kwevalvu kubalulekile ekuzinzeni nasekuphepheni kohlelo lonke. Nanka amaphuzu anemininingwane yokugcinwa kwevalvu nsuku zonke:

Ukuhlolwa kokubukeka

1. Hlanza indawo yevalvu

Hlanza njalo ubuso bangaphandle bevalvu ukuze ususe ukungcola okufana nothuli, uwoyela, ukugqwala, njll. Sebenzisa indwangu ehlanzekile nethambile noma ibhulashi ukuze uhlanze. Uma unamabala aqinile, ungasebenzisa insipho efanele, kodwa qaphela ukuthi ugweme ukugqwala kwezinto zevalvu yinsipho. Isibonelo, kumavalvu ensimbi engagqwali, ungasebenzisa insipho ye-alkaline emnene;kwama-valve anezindawo ezipendiwe, khetha insipho engeke ilimaze ubuso bopende.

Hlanza ipuleti legama levalvu bese uqinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi lwepuleti legama lucacile futhi luyafundeka. Ipuleti legama liqukethe ulwazi olubalulekile njengemodeli yevalvu, imininingwane, isilinganiso sokucindezela, kanye nosuku lokukhiqiza, okubaluleke kakhulu emisebenzini efana nokugcinwa kwevalvu, ukulungiswa, kanye nokufakwa esikhundleni kwayo.

2. Hlola ubuqotho bokubukeka kwevalvu

Hlola ngokucophelela ukuthi umzimba wevalvu, isembozo sevalvu, i-flange nezinye izingxenye zevalvu zinemifantu, ukuguguleka noma izimpawu zomonakalo. Imifantu ingabangela ukuvuza kwemidiya, futhi ukuguguleka kungathinta ukusebenza okuvamile kanye nokusebenza kokuvala kwevalvu. Kumavalvu ensimbi ephonswe, kufanele kunakwe ngokukhethekile ukuhlola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza okubangelwa amaphutha okukhipha njengemigodi yesihlabathi.

Hlola izingxenye zokuxhuma zevalvu, njengokuthi amabhawodi okuxhumanisweni kweflange akhululekile, ayawa noma agugile. Amabhawodi akhululekile azothinta ukusebenza kokuvala kweflange futhi kufanele aqiniswe ngesikhathi; amabhawodi agugile kungadingeka ashintshwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kokuxhumeka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlola ukuthi ama-gasket ezingxenyeni zokuxhuma aphelele yini. Uma onakele noma egugile, kufanele ashintshwe ngesikhathi.

Bheka ukuthi izingxenye ezisebenzayo zevalvu, njengesondo lesandla, isibambo noma i-actuator kagesi, zonakele, zikhubazekile noma zilahlekile. Lezi zingxenye ziyisihluthulelo sokulawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwevalvu. Uma yonakele, ivalvu ingase ingasebenzi kahle. Isibonelo, ukulimala kwesondo lesandla kungavimbela opharetha ekulawuleni ngokunembile ukuvulwa kwevalvu.

Ukuhlolwa kokuvalwa kwevalvu

1. Ukuhlolwa kokuvuza kwangaphandle

Ngengxenye yokuvala isiqu se-valve yevalve, hlola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza okuphakathi nendawo. Inani elincane loketshezi lokuthola ukuvuza (njengamanzi anensipho) lingasetshenziswa nxazonke kwesiqu sevalve ukuze kubonwe ukuthi amabhamuza akhiqizwa yini. Uma kukhona amabhamuza, kusho ukuthi kukhona ukuvuza esivivinyweni se-valve stem, futhi kuyadingeka ukuhlola kabanzi ukuthi ukupakisha noma uphawu lokuvala lonakele noma lugugile. Ukupakisha noma uphawu kungadinga ukushintshwa ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga yokuvuza.

Hlola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza ekuxhumekeni kwe-flange ye-valve. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-detector yokuvuza ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini amabhamuza aphuma onqenqemeni lwe-flange. Kuma-flange anokuvuza okuncane, kungadingeka uqinise amabhawodi noma ufake i-gasket ukuze ulungise ukuvuza. Kuma-vumulo amakhulu, udinga ukuvala ama-valve angenhla nangezansi kuqala, uthulule i-medium epayipini, bese uyilungisa.

2. Ukuhlolwa kokuvuza kwangaphakathi

Izindlela ezahlukene zisetshenziswa ukuhlola ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kuye ngohlobo lwevalvu kanye nendawo yokusebenza. Kumavalvu okumisa kanye namavalvu esango, ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kungahlulelwa ngokuvala ivalvu bese kubhekwe ukuthi kukhona yini okugeleza phansi kwevalvu. Isibonelo, ohlelweni lwamanzi, ungabona ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza kwamanzi noma ukwehla kwengcindezi epayipini elingezansi; ohlelweni lwegesi, ungasebenzisa ithuluzi lokuthola igesi ukuthola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza kwegesi phansi.

Kuma-valve ebhola nama-valve e-butterfly, ungahlulela kuqala ukuvuza kwangaphakathi ngokuhlola ukuthi inkomba yendawo inembile yini ngemva kokuba i-valve ivaliwe. Uma inkomba yendawo ibonisa ukuthi i-valve ivaliwe ngokuphelele, kodwa kusekhona ukuvuza kwe-medium, kungase kube nenkinga ngesivalo phakathi kwebhola noma ipuleti le-butterfly kanye nesihlalo se-valve. Kuyadingeka ukuhlola kabanzi ukuthi indawo yokuvala yesihlalo se-valve igugile, iklwebhe noma inamathele kukungcola, bese ugaya noma ushintshe isihlalo se-valve uma kudingeka.

Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwevalvu

1. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwevalvu ngesandla

Sebenzisa ivalvu ephathwa ngesandla njalo ukuze uhlole ukuthi ivalvu iyakwazi yini ukuyivula nokuyivala. Lapho uvula futhi uvala ivalvu, qaphela ukuthi amandla okusebenza afanayo yini nokuthi kukhona yini ukumelana okubambekile noma okungajwayelekile. Uma ukusebenza kunzima, kungabangelwa ukungqubuzana okukhulu phakathi kwesiqu sevalvu kanye nokupakisha, izinto zangaphandle ezibambeke emzimbeni wevalvu, noma umonakalo ezingxenyeni zevalvu.

Hlola ukuthi inkomba yokuvula ivalvu inembile yini. Kumavalvu anezinkomba zokuvula, njengeziqondisa amavalvu, lapho usebenzisa ivalvu, qaphela ukuthi ukufundwa kwenkomba yokuvula kuyafana yini nokuvulwa kwangempela. Inkomba yokuvula engalungile ingathinta ukulawulwa kokugeleza kohlelo, futhi inkomba idinga ukulinganiswa noma ukulungiswa.

Kuma-valve asetshenziswa ngesandla avame ukusetshenziswa, naka ukuguguleka kwesondo lesandla noma isibambo. Izingxenye zokusebenza eziguguleke kakhulu zingathinta umuzwa womqhubi futhi zibangele nokusebenza okungalawulwa. Amasondo esandla noma izibambo eziguguleke kakhulu kufanele zishintshwe ngesikhathi ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokunemba kokusebenza kwe-valve.

2. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwevalvu kagesi

Hlola ukuthi uxhumano lwamandla lwevalvu kagesi lujwayelekile yini nokuthi izintambo zonakele, zigugile noma zikhululekile. Qinisekisa ukuthi ukudluliselwa kwesignali yokulawula ye-actuator kagesi kujwayelekile. Ungahlola ukuthi ivalvu ingavula, ivale noma ilungise izinga lokuvula ngokunembile ngokwemiyalelo ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokulawula.

Qaphela ukusebenza kwevalvu kagesi ngesikhathi sokusebenza, njengokuthi isivinini sokuvula nokuvala kwevalvu siyahlangabezana yini nezidingo, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukudlidliza noma umsindo ongavamile. Ukudlidliza noma umsindo ongavamile kungabangelwa umonakalo ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi ze-actuator kagesi, ukwehluleka kwesakhiwo semishini yevalvu noma ukufakwa okungafanele. Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe nokugcinwa kwevalvu kagesi kuyadingeka, okuhlanganisa nokuhlola isimo sokusebenza kwezingxenye ezifana ne-motor, i-reducer, kanye ne-coupling.

Hlola njalo futhi ulungise inkinobho yomkhawulo wokuhamba yevalvu kagesi. Inkinobho yomkhawulo wokuhamba iyithuluzi elibalulekile lokulawula indawo yokuvula nokuvala yevalvu. Uma inkinobho yomkhawulo yehluleka, ingabangela ukuthi ivalvu ivuleke noma ivale ngokweqile, kulimaze ivalvu noma i-actuator kagesi. Ngokulingisa izenzo zokuvula nokuvala ezigcwele zevalvu, hlola ukuthi inkinobho yomkhawulo ingawunqamula yini ngokunembile ugesi wemoto ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile kwevalvu.

Ukugcoba nokulungisa

1. Ukuhlolwa kwezindawo zokugcoba

Nquma amaphuzu okugcoba e-valve, ngokuvamile kufaka phakathi isiqu se-valve, ama-bearings, amagiya nezinye izingxenye. Ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zama-valve, indawo kanye nenani lamaphoyinti okugcoba kungahluka. Isibonelo, amaphuzu okugcoba ayinhloko ama-valve esango yizindawo zokuxhumana phakathi kwesiqu se-valve nesango kanye nomzila wokuqondisa; ama-valve ebhola adinga ukugcoba amaphuzu okuxhumana phakathi kwebhola nesihlalo se-valve kanye nesiqu se-valve.

Hlola ukuthi kukhona yini ukugcoba okwanele endaweni yokugcoba. Uma ukugcoba kunganele, kungabangela ukungqubuzana okwandisiwe phakathi kwezingxenye, okuthinta ukusebenza nokusebenza kwevalvu. Kwamanye amavalvu anezimbobo zokujova ngamafutha, ungahlulela ukuthi ukugcoba endaweni yokugcoba kwanele ngokubheka imbobo yokujova ngamafutha noma ukuhlola izinga lamafutha.

2. Khetha igrisi efanele

Khetha igrisi efanele ngokwendawo yokusebenza yevalvu kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswa yizingxenye. Ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ezijwayelekile kanye nengcindezi, igrisi esekelwe ku-lithium iyigrisi esetshenziswa kakhulu enokugcotshwa okuhle kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka. Kumavalvu ezindaweni zokushisa okuphezulu, igrisi esekelwe ku-polyurea noma igrisi ye-perfluoropolyether engamelana nokushisa okuphezulu ingakhethwa; ezindaweni zokushisa okuphansi, kudingeka igrisi ye-ester enoketshezi oluhle lokushisa okuphansi.
Ezindaweni zokusebenza ezigqwalisa ngamakhemikhali, njengama-valve embonini yamakhemikhali, kufanele kukhethwe amafutha okugcoba anokumelana nokugqwala. Isibonelo, amafutha okugcoba i-fluoro angamelana nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali afana nama-asidi aqinile nama-alkali, ahlinzeke ngokugcoba okusebenzayo nokuvikela ama-valve. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhambisana kwamafutha okugcoba nezimpawu zama-valve nezinye izinto zezingxenye kufanele futhi kucatshangelwe ukugwema ukulimala kwengxenye ngenxa yezakhiwo zamakhemikhali zamafutha okugcoba.

3. Ukusebenza kokugcoba

Kuma-valve adinga ukugcotshwa, wagcobe ngendlela efanele kanye nomjikelezo. Kuma-valve asetshenziswa ngesandla, ungasebenzisa isibhamu samafutha noma ibhodwe lamafutha ukufaka amafutha ezindaweni zokugcoba. Uma ufaka amafutha, qaphela ukuthi ugweme ukujova ngokweqile ukuze uvimbele amafutha ukuthi angagcwali futhi angcolise indawo ezungezile noma athinte ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-valve. Kuma-valve kagesi, amanye ama-actuator kagesi anesistimu yawo yokugcoba, edinga ukuhlolwa njalo kanye nokugcotshwa. Kuma-valve kagesi angenaso uhlelo lwawo lokugcoba, izindawo zokugcoba zangaphandle kufanele zigcotshwe ngesandla.

Ngemva kokugcoba, sebenzisa ivalvu izikhathi eziningana ukuze i-lubricant isatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo ebusweni bezingxenye ukuze inikeze ukusebenza okugcwele komphumela wokugcoba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlanza i-lubricant egcwele ngesikhathi senqubo yokugcoba ukuze ugcine indawo ezungeze ivalvu ihlanzekile.

Ukuhlolwa kwezesekeli zevalvu

1. Ukuhlolwa kwesihlungi

Uma isihlungi sifakwe phezulu kwevalvu, hlola isihlungi njalo ukuze ubone ukuthi sivalekile yini. Ukuvaleka kwesihlungi kuzonciphisa ukugeleza koketshezi futhi kwandise ukulahleka kwengcindezi, okuthinta ukusebenza okuvamile kwevalvu. Ungahlulela ukuthi sivalekile yini ngokubheka umehluko wengcindezi kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zesihlungi. Uma umehluko wengcindezi udlula umkhawulo othile, isihlungi sidinga ukuhlanzwa noma isici sesihlungi sidinga ukushintshwa.

Uma uhlanza isihlungi, landela izinqubo zokusebenza ezifanele ukuze ugweme ukulimaza isikrini sesihlungi noma ezinye izingxenye. Kwezinye izihlungi ezinembile, kungadingeka usebenzise imishini yokuhlanza ekhethekile kanye nezinto zokuhlanza. Ngemva kokuhlanza, qiniseka ukuthi isihlungi sifakwe kahle futhi sivalwe kahle.

2. Ukuhlolwa kwe-pressure gauge kanye ne-safety valve

Hlola ukuthi igeyiji yokucindezela eduze kwevalvu isebenza kahle yini. Qaphela ukuthi i-pointer yegeyiji yokucindezela ingabonisa ngokunembile ingcindezi nokuthi i-dial icacile futhi iyafundeka yini. Uma i-pointer yegeyiji yokucindezela igxuma, ingabuyeli ku-zero, noma ikhombisa ngokungalungile, kungenzeka ukuthi izingxenye zangaphakathi zegeyiji yokucindezela zonakele noma inzwa yokucindezela inephutha, futhi i-pressure gauge idinga ukulinganiswa noma ukushintshwa.

Kumasistimu anama-valve okuphepha afakiwe, hlola ukuthi i-valve yokuphepha isesimweni esijwayelekile njalo. Hlola ukuthi ingcindezi yokuvula ye-valve yokuphepha iyahlangabezana yini nezidingo nokuthi ingavulwa ngokunembile yini ngengcindezi ebekiwe ukuze kukhishwe ingcindezi eyeqile. Ukusebenza kwe-valve yokuphepha kungahlolwa ngokuhlolwa ngesandla noma ngemishini yokuhlola yobungcweti. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlola ukusebenza kokuvala kwe-valve yokuphepha ukuze ugweme ukuvuza ngaphansi kwengcindezi yokusebenza evamile.

Ukugcinwa kwamavalvu nsuku zonke kudinga ukucophelela kanye nesineke. Ngokuhlolwa nokugcinwa njalo, izinkinga ezingaba khona ngamavalvu zingatholakala futhi zixazululwe ngesikhathi esifanele, kwandise impilo yesevisi yamavalvu futhi kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile nokuzinzile kohlelo lokulethwa koketshezi.