I-Taboo 11

Ivalvu ayifakwanga kahle. Isibonelo, ivalvu yomhlaba nomaama-valve okuhlolaIndlela yokugeleza kwamanzi (noma umusi) iphambene nesibonakaliso, futhi isiqu sevalvu sifakwa phansi. Ivalvu yokuhlola ifakwe ngokuqondile kunokuba ibekwe ngokuvundlile. Ngicela kude nomnyango wokuhlola.

Imiphumela: I-valve ayisebenzi kahle, iswishi kunzima ukuyilungisa, futhi isiqu se-valve sivame ukubheka phansi, okuholela ekuvuza kwamanzi.
Izinyathelo: Landela imiyalelo yokufaka ivalvu ngendlela eqondile. Shiya ukuphakama okwanele kokuvula ukuze kusetshenziswe izandiso zesiquamavalvu esangongeziqu eziphakamayo. Cabangela ngokugcwele isikhala sokujika kwesibambo ngenkathi usebenzisa amavalvu ebhabhathane. Iziqu zamavalvu ahlukene akufanele zibekwe ngaphansi kunezingqimba noma ngisho phansi. Ngaphezu kokuba nomnyango wokuhlola ongavumela ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwamavalvu, amavalvu afihliwe kufanele futhi abe nesiqu sevalvu sibheke umnyango wokuhlola.

I-Taboo 12

Ama-valve afakiwe'amamodeli kanye nezincazelo azilandeli izindinganiso zomklamo. Isibonelo, ipayipi lokufutha iphampu yomlilo lisebenzisa ivalvu yebhabhathane lapho ububanzi bephayiphi bungaphansi noma bulingana no-50mm, kanti ipayipi elomile nelimile lokufudumeza amanzi ashisayo lisebenzisa ivalvu yokumisa lapho ingcindezi evamile yevalvu ingaphansi kwengcindezi yokuhlola uhlelo.

Imiphumela: shintsha indlela ivalvu evame ukuvula futhi ivale ngayo, kanye nendlela ukumelana, ingcindezi, neminye imisebenzi elungiswa ngayo. Okubi nakakhulu, kuholele ekutheni ivalvu iphuke futhi idinga ukulungiswa ngesikhathi uhlelo lusetshenziswa.

Izinyathelo: Yazi ububanzi bezicelo zamavalvu ahlukene, bese ukhetha imininingwane kanye nemodeli yevalvu ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zomklamo. Ukucindezela okujwayelekile kwevalvu kumele kuhlangabezane nezimfuneko zokucindezela kokuhlolwa kwesistimu. Ngokwezinga lesakhiwo, ivalvu yokumisa kufanele isetshenziswe lapho ububanzi bepayipi legatsha lokuphakelwa kwamanzi bungaphansi noma bulingana no-50mm; uma liphakeme kuno-50mm, kufanele kusetshenziswe ivalvu yesango. Amavalvu ebhabhathane akufanele asetshenziselwe amapayipi okufutha ipompo yomlilo, futhi amavalvu esango kufanele asetshenziselwe amavalvu okulawula amanzi ashisayo afudumeza amanzi ashisayo naqondile.

I-Taboo 13

Ngaphambi kokuba ivalvu ifakwe, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi okudingekayo akwenziwa ngokuhambisana nemithetho.

Imiphumela: Ukuvuza kwamanzi (noma umusi) kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesistimu ngoba iswishi yevalvu iyaguquguquka futhi ukuvalwa kwayo akuqinile, kudinga ukulungiswa kabusha futhi kuthinte ngisho nokutholakala kwamanzi (noma umusi) okuvamile.

Izinyathelo: Ukuhlolwa kwamandla okucindezela kanye nokuqina kufanele kuqedwe ngaphambi kokufaka ivalvu. 10% weqoqo ngalinye (uhlobo olufanayo, incazelo efanayo, imodeli efanayo) kumele kukhethwe ngokungahleliwe kokuhlolwa, kodwa kungabi ngaphansi kweyodwa. Ukuhlolwa kwamandla kanye nokuqina kufanele kwenziwe ngakunye ngesikhathi kuvalvu ngayinye yesekethe evaliwe efakwa epayipini eliyinhloko elizonqunywa. "Ikhodi Yokwamukelwa Kwekhwalithi Yokwakha Kokunikezwa Kwamanzi Esakhiwo, Ubunjiniyela Bokudonsa Amanzi Nokushisa" (GB 50242-2002) kumele ilandelwe ukuze kuhlolwe amandla kanye nokuqina kwevalvu.

I-Taboo 14

Iningi lezinto ezisetshenziswayo, imishini, nezinto ezisetshenziswa ekwakheni azinazo izitifiketi zokufaneleka komkhiqizo noma imibhalo yokuhlola ikhwalithi yobuchwepheshe edingwa uhulumeni noma uMnyango ukuze kufezwe izidingo zamanje.

Imiphumela: Ikhwalithi engeyinhle yephrojekthi, izingozi ezifihliwe, ukungakwazi ukuqedwa ngesikhathi esibekiwe, kanye nesidingo sokulungiswa kabusha konke kunegalelo ezikhathini ezandisiwe zokwakha kanye nokufakwa okuphezulu kwabasebenzi nezinto zokwakha.

Izinyathelo: Imikhiqizo eyinhloko, izinto zokwakha, namathuluzi asetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi okuhlinzeka ngamanzi, amanzi angcolile, okushisa, kanye nokuhlanzeka kufanele abe nemibhalo yokuhlola ikhwalithi yobuchwepheshe noma izitifiketi zokufaneleka komkhiqizo ezikhishwe yisifundazwe noma umnyango ezihlangabezana nezindinganiso zamanje; amagama omkhiqizo wabo, amamodeli, imininingwane, kanye nezindinganiso zekhwalithi zikazwelonke kufanele zimakwe. Igama lekhodi, usuku lokukhiqiza, igama lomkhiqizi nendawo, isitifiketi sokuhlola, noma igama lekhodi lomkhiqizo wangaphambili wefektri.

I-Taboo 15

I-Valve Flip

Imiphumela: Ukuqondiswa kwesiqondiso kuyisici sama-valve amaningi, okuhlanganisa ama-valve okuhlola, ama-valve e-throttle, ama-valve okunciphisa ingcindezi, nama-valve okumisa. Umphumela wokusetshenziswa kanye nokuphila kwe-valve ye-throttle kuzothinteka uma ibekwe ibheke phansi; ingase ibe yingozi ngisho nangokwengeziwe.

Izilinganiso: Kukhona uphawu lokuqondisa emzimbeni wevalvu yamavalvu ajwayelekile; uma kungekho uphawu lokuqondisa, ivalvu kufanele ikhonjwe ngokunembile ngokusekelwe endleleni esebenza ngayo. Uketshezi kufanele lugeleze ngembobo yevalvu kusukela phansi kuya phezulu ukuze ukuvulwa konge abasebenzi (ngoba ingcindezi ephakathi iphezulu) futhi i-medium ingacindezeli ukupakisha ngemva kokuvala, okuyinto elula ukuyilungisa. Imbobo yevalvu yevalvu yokuma ayilingani kusukela kwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla. Ivalvu yomhlaba ayikwazi ukujikwa ngenxa yalokhu.

Ukufaka ivalvu yesango ibheke phansi, isondo lesandla libheke phansi, kuzokwenza ukuthi i-medium ihlale endaweni yebhonethi isikhathi eside, okuyinto embi ekugqwaleni kwesiqu sevalvu futhi iphambene nemithetho yezinye izinqubo. Ukufaka esikhundleni sokupakishwa ngasikhathi sinye akulungile neze. Isiqu sevalvu esiveziwe sizowohloka ngenxa yomswakama uma ivalvu yesango lesiqu esikhuphukayo ifakwa ngaphansi komhlaba. Qiniseka ukuthi idiski imile lapho ufaka ivalvu yokuhlola ukuphakama ukuze iphakanyiswe kalula. Qiniseka ukuthi iphini shaft ivundlile lapho ufaka ivalvu yokuhlola ukujika ukuze ivuleke ngokukhululeka. Ephayiphini elivundlile, ivalvu ehlisa ingcindezi kufanele ifakwe iqonde; akufanele ithambeke nganoma iyiphi indlela.

I-Taboo 16

Ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwe-valve ngesandla, amandla amakhulu

Imiphumela: kusukela ekulimaleni kwe-valve kuya ezenzakalweni ezimbi kakhulu

Izinyathelo: Amandla obuso bokuvala kanye namandla okuvala adingekayo kuyacatshangelwa lapho kuklanywa ivalvu esetshenziswa ngesandla, kanye nesondo layo lesandla noma isibambo, somsebenzi wansuku zonke. Ngenxa yalokho, ayikwazi ukushukunyiswa ngesiphango eside noma i-lever. Abanye abantu bajwayele ukusebenzisa isiphango, futhi kufanele baqaphele kakhulu ukuthi bangasebenzisi amandla amaningi ngoba ukwenza kanjalo kungalimaza kalula ubuso bokuvala noma kubangele ukuthi isiphango siphule isondo lesandla kanye nesibambo. Amandla asetshenziswa ukuvula nokuvala ivalvu kufanele ahambisane futhi angaphazanyiswa.

Ezinye izingxenye zevalvu ezinomfutho ophezulu ezithinta ukuvula nokuvala ziye zacabangela iqiniso lokuthi la mandla okushaya awakwazi ukufana nalawa mavalvu ajwayelekile. Ngaphambi kokuvula, ivalvu yomusi idinga ukushiswa, futhi amanzi ahlanganisiwe adinga ukuthululwa. Ukuze kuvinjelwe isando samanzi, kufanele ivulwe kancane ngangokunokwenzeka. Isondo lesandla kudingeka lijikeleziswe kancane phansi ngemva kokuba ivalvu ivuliwe ngokugcwele ukuze kuqiniswe izintambo futhi kuvinjelwe ukukhululeka nokonakala.

Kuma-valve esiqu akhuphukayo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi isiqu sikuphi uma sivuliwe ngokuphelele futhi sivaliwe ngokuphelele ukuvimbela ukushayisa isikhungo esifile phezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulula ukunquma ukuthi kuyinto evamile uma sivaliwe ngokuphelele. Indawo yesiqu se-valve izoshintsha uma sivaliwe ngokuphelele uma isiqu se-valve siphuka noma uma kukhona izinto ezibalulekile ezifakwe phakathi kwe-valve core seal. I-valve ingavulwa kancane ukuze kuvunyelwe ukugeleza kwesivinini esikhulu sendawo ukuthi kugeze ukungcola okukhulu kwepayipi ngaphambi kokuba kuvalwe kahle (ungavali ngokuzumayo noma ngobudlova ukuze ugweme ukungcola okusele okuncisha ubuso bokuvala). Yiqalise kabusha, yenza lokhu izikhathi eziningana, ugeze ukungcola, bese uyisebenzisa njengenjwayelo.

Uma uvala ama-valve avame ukuvula, noma yikuphi ukungcola okusebusweni bokuvala kufanele kusulwe kusetshenziswa indlela eshiwo ngenhla ngaphambi kokuba i-valve ivalwe ngokusemthethweni. Ukuze kugwenywe ukulimaza isikwele sesiqu se-valve, ukuba i-valve ihluleke ukuvula nokuvala, futhi kubangele izingozi ezihlobene nokukhiqiza, isondo lesandla kanye nesibambo kufanele kufakwe ngokushesha okukhulu uma kuphukile noma kulahlekile. Isikrufu esiguquguqukayo asikwazi ukusetshenziswa ukuzishintsha. Ngemva kokuba i-valve ivaliwe, ezinye izindlela ziyaphola, okubangela ukuba i-valve inciphe. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi umngxuma ungaveli ebusweni bokuvala, opharetha kufanele awuvale futhi ngesikhathi esifanele. Uma kuvela ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ukuthi unzima kakhulu, imbangela kufanele ihlolwe.

Kungenzeka ukulungisa ukupakisha ngokwanele uma kuqinile kakhulu. Abasebenzi kufanele baxwayiswe ukuthi balungise isiqu se-valve uma sigobile. Uma i-valve kumele ivulwe ngalesi sikhathi, intambo yesembozo se-valve ingakhululwa ngesigamu sendilinga ibe yindilinga eyodwa ukuze kuncishiswe ukucindezeleka esiqwini se-valve, bese ijika isondo lesandla. Kwamanye ama-valve, lapho i-valve isesimweni sokuvalwa, ingxenye yokuvala izokhula ngenxa yokushisa, okwenza kube nzima ukuyivula.

I-Taboo 17

Ukufakwa okungafanele kwama-valve okushisa okuphezulu

Imiphumela: Kubangela ukuchitheka

Izinyathelo: Njengoba ama-valve okushisa okuphezulu angaphezu kuka-200°C efakwa ekushiseni kwegumbi, kumele aqiniswe kabusha ukuze kugcinwe "ukuqina kokushisa" ngemva kokusebenza okuvamile lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, amabhawodi ayanda ngenxa yokushisa, futhi igebe liyakhula. Abasebenzi kudingeka bagxile kulo msebenzi ngoba ukuvuza kungenzeka kalula ngaphandle kwawo.

I-Taboo 18

Ukuntuleka kokukhipha amanzi uma kubanda

Izinyathelo: Amanzi aqoqene ngemuva kwevalvu yamanzi adinga ukususwa uma kubanda ngaphandle futhi ivalvu yamanzi ivaliwe isikhashana. Amanzi ajiyile kumele akhishwe amanzi uma ivalvu yomusi icishe umusi. Iphansi levalvu lifana neplagi engavulwa ukuze kuphume amanzi.

I-Taboo 19

I-valve engeyona eyensimbi, amandla okuvula nokuvala makhulu kakhulu

Izilinganiso: Amavalvu angewona awensimbi afika ngamandla ahlukahlukene, amanye awo aqinile futhi athambile. Uma esetshenziswa, amandla asetshenziswa ekuvuleni nasekuvaleni akufanele abe ngaphezulu, ikakhulukazi angabi nolaka. Qaphela ukuze ugweme ukungqubuzana nezinto.

I-Taboo 20

Ukupakisha ivalvu entsha kuqinile kakhulu

Izinyathelo: Ukupakisha akufanele kupakishwe kakhulu lapho ivalvu entsha isebenza ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuvuza, ingcindezi enkulu esiqwini sevalvu, ukuguguleka okusheshayo, kanye nokuvulwa nokuvalwa okunzima. Izinqubo zokwakha amavalvu, izinsiza zokuvikela amavalvu, ukudlula kanye nezinsimbi, kanye nokufakwa kwamavalvu esikhundleni sawo konke kuyizinto ezibalulekile njengoba ikhwalithi yokufakwa kwamavalvu ithinta ngqo ukusetshenziswa.