I-Taboo 1

Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi yamanzi kumele kwenziwe ezimweni ezibandayo ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwebusika.
Imiphumela: Ipayipi laliqandisiwe futhi lonakele ngenxa yokuqandiselwa okusheshayo kwepayipi lokuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic.
Izinyathelo: Zama ukuhlola ingcindezi yamanzi ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa ebusika bese uvala amanzi ngemva kokuhlolwa, ikakhulukazi amanzi asemanziniivalvu, okumele ihlanzwe kungenjalo ingase igqwale noma, okubi nakakhulu, iqhekeke. Lapho kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic ebusika, iphrojekthi kumele igcine izinga lokushisa elikhululekile endlini futhi ikhiphe amanzi ngemva kokuhlolwa kokucindezela.

I-Taboo 2

Uhlelo lwamapayipi kumele luhlanzwe, kodwa lokhu akuyona into enkulu ngoba ukugeleza kanye nesivinini akwanelisi amazinga. Ngisho nokuhlanzwa kuthathwa indawo yokukhipha amanzi ukuze kuhlolwe amandla e-hydraulic. Imiphumela: Ngenxa yokuthi ikhwalithi yamanzi ayihlangabezani nezindinganiso zokusebenza kohlelo lwamapayipi, izingxenye zamapayipi zivame ukuncipha ngobukhulu noma zivalwe. Sebenzisa inani eliphezulu lejusi elingageleza ohlelweni noma okungenani ama-3 m/s okugeleza kwamanzi ukuze kuhlanzwe. Ukuze kucatshangelwe indawo yokukhipha amanzi, umbala wamanzi kanye nokucaca kwawo kumele kufane nokwamanzi okungena.

I-Taboo 3

Ngaphandle kokwenza ukuhlolwa kwamanzi avaliwe, amapayipi endle, amanzi emvula, kanye namapayipi e-condensate ayafihlwa. Imiphumela: Kungabangela ukuvuza kwamanzi kanye nokulahlekelwa abasebenzisi. Izinyathelo: Ukuhlolwa kwamanzi avaliwe kudinga ukuhlolwa futhi kuvunyelwe ngokuqinile ngokuhambisana neziqondiso. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke okungaphansi komhlaba, ngaphakathi kophahla, phakathi kwamapayipi, kanye nezinye izinto ezifihliwe—kufaka phakathi lezo ezithwala indle, amanzi emvula, kanye ne-condensate—akuvuzi.

I-Taboo 4

Kuphela inani lokucindezela kanye nokuguquguquka kwezinga lamanzi okubonwayo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamandla e-hydraulic kanye nokuhlolwa kokuqina kohlelo lwamapayipi; ukuhlolwa kokuvuza akwanele. Ukuvuza okwenzeka ngemva kokusetshenziswa kohlelo lwamapayipi kuphazamisa ukusetshenziswa okuvamile. Izilinganiso: Lapho uhlelo lwamapayipi luhlolwa ngokuhambisana nemininingwane yokuklama kanye neziqondiso zokwakha, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ngokuphelele ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza ngaphezu kokurekhoda inani lokucindezela noma ushintsho lwezinga lamanzi phakathi nesikhathi esibekiwe.
I-Taboo 5

Ama-flange ajwayelekile e-valve asetshenziswa ngeamavalvu ebhabhathaneUsayizi weivalvu yebhabhathaneI-flange ihlukile kweye-flange ejwayelekile ye-valve ngenxa yalokho. Amanye ama-flange anobubanzi obuncane bangaphakathi kuyilapho idiski ye-valve ye-butterfly inenkulu, okubangela ukuthi i-valve ingasebenzi kahle noma ivuleke kanzima futhi ibangele umonakalo. Izilinganiso: Phatha i-flange ngokuhambisana nosayizi we-flange wangempela we-valve ye-butterfly.

I-Taboo 6

Ngesikhathi kwakhiwa isakhiwo, azikho izingxenye ezihlanganisiwe ezazigciniwe, noma izingxenye ezihlanganisiwe zazingabekwanga futhi imigodi egciniwe yayincane kakhulu. Imiphumela: Ukucheba isakhiwo sesakhiwo noma ngisho nokusika imigoqo yensimbi ecindezelwe kuzoba nomthelela ekusebenzeni kokuphepha kwesakhiwo ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwamaphrojekthi okushisa nokuhlanzeka. Izinyathelo: Funda izinhlelo zokwakha zephrojekthi yokushisa nokuhlanzeka ngokucophelela, futhi uhlanganyele ngenkuthalo ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo sesakhiwo ngokubeka imigodi nezingxenye ezihlanganisiwe njengoba kudingeka ekufakweni kwamapayipi, izisekelo, kanye neziphanyeko. Sicela ubhekisele ngqo ezicacisweni zokwakha kanye nemininingwane yomklamo.

I-Taboo 7

Uma ipayipi lishiselwe, ukuqondisa akusebenzi kahle, akukho sikhala esisele ekuqondisweni, umsele awufakwa ngefosholo yepayipi elinodonga olujiyile, futhi ububanzi nokuphakama kwe-weld akuhambisani nencazelo yokwakha. Imiphumela: Ngenxa yokuthi ipayipi alikho phakathi nendawo, inqubo yokushisela ngeke isebenze kahle futhi izobukeka ingachwepheshile. Lapho ububanzi nokuphakama kwe-weld kungahlangabezani nemininingwane, akukho sikhala phakathi kwezinto ezifanayo, ipayipi elinodonga olujiyile aliyifaki ifosholo, futhi ukushisela akukwazi ukufeza izidingo zamandla.
Izilinganiso: Faka amapayipi anezindonga ezijiyile, shiya izikhala ezingosini, bese uhlela amapayipi ukuze abe semgqeni ophakathi uma amalunga esehlanganisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ububanzi nokuphakama komthungo wokushisela kumele kuhlanganiswe ngokuhambisana neziqondiso.

I-Taboo 8

Ipayipi ligqitshwa ngqo phezu kwenhlabathi eqandisiwe nengalungisiwe, futhi ngisho nezitini ezomile ziyasetshenziswa. Izinsika zokusekela zepayipi nazo zihlukaniswe futhi zibekwe ngendlela engafanele. Imiphumela: Ngenxa yokusekela okuntengantengayo, ipayipi lonakaliswe ngesikhathi kucindezelwa inhlabathi yokugcwalisa emuva, okwadinga ukulungiswa kabusha. Izinyathelo: Inhlabathi ekhululekile engalungisiwe kanye nenhlabathi eqandisiwe akuzona izindawo ezifanele zokungcwaba amapayipi. Isikhala phakathi kwezinsika kumele sihambisane neziqondiso zokwakha. Ukuze kuphelele futhi kuzinze, kufanele kusetshenziswe udaka lukasimende ukwakha izinsika zezitini.

I-Taboo 9

Ukusekelwa kwepayipi kuqiniswe kusetshenziswa amabhawodi okwandisa, kodwa into yamabhawodi ayilingani, imigodi yawo mikhulu kakhulu, noma ifakwe ezindongeni zezitini noma ngisho nasezindongeni ezilula. Imiphumela: Ipayipi liphambene noma liyawa, futhi ukusekelwa kwepayipi kubuthakathaka. Amabhawodi okwandisa kumele akhethe izinto ezinokwethenjelwa, futhi amasampula kungadingeka ahlolwe ukuze ahlolwe. Ububanzi bembobo esetshenziselwa ukufaka amabhawodi okwandisa akufanele bube bukhulu ngo-2 mm kunobubanzi bangaphandle bamabhawodi okwandisa. Ezakhiweni zekhonkrithi, kumele kusetshenziswe amabhawodi okwandisa.

I-Taboo 10

Amabhawodi okuxhumanisa amafushane kakhulu noma anobubanzi obuncane, kanti ama-flange nama-gasket asetshenziswa ukujoyina amapayipi awaqinile ngokwanele. Kumapayipi okushisa, kusetshenziswa ama-raber pad, kumapayipi amanzi abandayo, ama-double-layer pad noma ama-attic pad, kanye nama-flange pad aphuma epayipini. Imiphumela: Ukuvuza kwenzeka ngenxa yokuxhumeka kwe-flange okuxegayo noma ngisho nokonakaliswa. I-flange gasket inamathela epayipini, okwenza ukugeleza kwamanzi kube nzima kakhulu. Izilinganiso: Ama-flange nama-gasket epayipini kumele anamathele ezimisweni zomfutho wokusebenza womklamo wepayipi. Kuma-flange gasket kumapayipi okushisa namanzi ashisayo, kufanele kusetshenziswe ama-raber asbestos gasket; kuma-flange gasket kumapayipi okuhambisa amanzi namanzi, kufanele kusetshenziswe ama-raber gasket. Akukho ngxenye ye-flange gasket engadlulela epayipini, futhi indilinga yayo yangaphandle kumele ithinte umgodi we-flange bolt. Isikhungo se-flange akufanele sibe nama-bevel pad noma ama-pad amaningi. Ibhawodi elixhumanisa i-flange kufanele libe nobubanzi obungaphansi kuka-2 mm kunomgodi we-flange, futhi ubude be-nut ephumayo entongeni ye-bolt kufanele bulingane nengxenye yobukhulu be-nut.